干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 保水剂施用量对旱作土壤理化性质及马铃薯生长的影响

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	保水剂施用量对旱作土壤理化性质及马铃薯生长的影响
其他题名	Effects of Super Absorbent Dosages on Physicochemical Properties of Dryland Soil and Potato Growth
	侯贤清; 李荣; 何文寿; 马琨; 代晓华
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2015
卷号	29 期号:5 页码:325-330
中文摘要	针对宁夏中部半干旱偏旱区土壤贫瘠,降水较少,土壤蒸发强烈、马铃薯低产等突出问题,采用以2种土壤保水剂为对象,研究了保水剂不同施用量对旱作土壤性状及马铃薯生长的影响。结果表明,穴施沃特保水剂90 kg/hm~2的耕层(030 cm)土壤容重比不施保水剂处理显著降低5.2%。施用保水剂各处理耕层粒径>0.25 mm机械稳定性团聚体数量均较不施保水剂处理(对照)有所提高,而粒径<0.1 mm团聚体数量较对照明显降低;在马铃薯关键生育期(块茎形成至膨大期),与不施保水剂处理相比,施用保水剂各处理能明显提高0100 cm土层土壤贮水量,以穴施沃特保水剂处理的保水效果最佳。沃特保水剂改善了土壤结构和水分状况,加速土壤有机质的分解与矿化,促进土壤养分的转化供应,保蓄土壤的有效养分。施微生物保水剂能促进马铃薯初花期生长,进入块茎膨大期施用沃特保水剂效果显著。不同保水剂施用量植株养分含量和积累量显著提高,有利于提高肥料的利用率,且随保水剂施用量的增加,其养分利用率越高。不同保水剂施用量各处理的马铃薯产量均显著高于不施保水剂处理,其中穴施沃特保水剂90 kg/hm~2的增产效果最佳(44.1%),穴施沃特保水剂60 kg/hm~2的商品薯率最高(20.9%)。
英文摘要	According to the obvious problem of the poor soil,scarce precipitation,intensive evaporation,and low yield of potato in semi-arid areas liable to droughts in central Ningxia,a field study was conducted in this region to determine the effects of super absorbent dosages on physicochemical properties of dryland soil and potato growth based on the usage of 2 super absorbents with different dosages.The results showed that,the soil bulk density of tilth soil(030 cm)was significantly decreased by 5.2% under the use of Wote super absorbent 90 kg/hm~2,compared with the treatment of no absorbent application(CK).The super absorbent treatments produced higher amounts of>0.25 mm macroaggregates compared with CK,but greatly reduced the amounts of<0.1 mm microaggregates.The super absorbent treatments obviously increased the amount of soil water stored in 0100 cm soil layers during the critical growing stage of potato,and the Wote super absorbent treatments improved soil water status best when compared with CK.The Wote super absorbent could improve soil structure and water status,accelerate the decomposition and mineralization of soil organic matter,promote soil nutrient transformation,and conserve soil available nutrients.The application of microbial super absorbent significantly promoted the growth in the early florescence stage of potato.In contrast,the application of Wote super absorbent significantly promoted the growth in the expansion-maturity stage of potato.The Wote super absorbent promoted the uptake and utilization of potato plant to N,P and K nutrients,which was more favorable to increasing the fertilizer application efficiency,and increased with the addition of super absorbent.Compared with CK,super absorbent treatments improved potato yield.By the use of Wote super absorbent 90 kg/hm~2,the best effect was the increase of potato yield(44.1%),but with the use of Wote super absorbent 60 kg/hm~2,the commodity rate was improved by 20.9%.
中文关键词	保水剂 ; 容重 ; 团聚体 ; 土壤水分 ; 马铃薯产量
英文关键词	super absorbent bulk density aggregate soil water potato yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5549039
来源机构	宁夏大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233357
作者单位	宁夏大学农学院, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	侯贤清,李荣,何文寿,等. 保水剂施用量对旱作土壤理化性质及马铃薯生长的影响[J]. 宁夏大学,2015,29(5):325-330.
APA	侯贤清,李荣,何文寿,马琨,&代晓华.(2015).保水剂施用量对旱作土壤理化性质及马铃薯生长的影响.水土保持学报,29(5),325-330.
MLA	侯贤清,et al."保水剂施用量对旱作土壤理化性质及马铃薯生长的影响".水土保持学报 29.5(2015):325-330.