干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 增温对西北半干旱区马铃薯产量和品质的影响

Arid

	增温对西北半干旱区马铃薯产量和品质的影响
其他题名	Influence of increased temperature on the potato yield and quality in a semiarid district of Northwest China
	肖国举 1; 仇正跻 2; 张峰举 1; 马飞 1; 姚玉璧 3; 张强3 ; 王润元 3
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2015
卷号	35 期号:3 页码:830-836
中文摘要	过去50年,西北半干旱区干旱化趋势明显加强,对作物生产产生了明显影响。未来50年全球气候继续变暖,直接影响农业生产,必将对粮食安全提出新的挑战。采用红外线辐射器田间增温模拟实验研究表明,随着温度升高马铃薯播种出苗-现蕾开花成熟各生长阶段天数都发生变化。增温0.52.5 ℃,马铃薯播种出苗、出苗现蕾阶段分别缩短1-4 d、l-2 d,现蕾开花、开花熟阶段分别延长1-2 d、110 d,马铃薯播种成熟全生育期延长1-5 d。伴随温度升高,马铃薯全生长期有所延长,特别是盛花期至茎叶枯萎阶段延长明显,这将有利于防止茎叶早衰和淀粉的积累。增温显著减少了每株薯块量、提高了每块薯重,马铃薯产量总体呈现递增趋势,但差异不显著。增温1.52.5 ℃,马铃薯增产1.0%3.5%。增温0.52.0 ℃,马铃薯干物质含量从22.4%增加到24.5%,淀粉含量从72.1%增加到74.4%,粗蛋白含量从1.82%减少到1.52%,还原糖含量从0.24%减少到0.22%,表明增温有利于马铃薯干物质和淀粉的积累,不利于粗蛋白和还原糖的形成。
英文摘要	Climate change is predicted to increase both drought frequency and duration. Arid and semiarid regions, which account for 45% of the global land area, support 38% of the global population, but are regions that have very fragile ecological and water resource systems. Over the past 100 years, the global mean temperature increase for arid regions was 0.94℃/100a, which is higher than the average global mean temperature increase of 0.74℃/100a. Over this period, global arid and semiarid regions have become drier and drier. About 10%20% of the global arid and semiarid land has become seriously degraded, the area of extremely arid land has doubled and the total area of land classed as arid is nearly 30%. Large scale droughts have recently occurred in North America, Africa, Europe, South America and Australia, resulting in major changes to terrestrial ecosystems, the carbon balance and food security. The continuous aridification over 30 years of the semiarid region of North China has led to serious environmental degradation and a lack of water resources, which has seriously restricted sustainable regional development. The semiarid area in Northwest China is also sensitive to climate change. Over the past 50 years, the air temperature has risen and rainfall has fallen, which have caused the climate to become warmer and drier. A series of changes, including higher temperatures, increased drought and warmer winters, have significantly influenced crop production. Over the next 50 years, the global climate will continue to warm, which will directly affect agriculture and may have an impact on grain safety. The global annual potato yield is 320 million tons, next only to wheat, corn and rice, which makes potato the fourth largest crop in the world. The annual potato yield in China is 80 million tons.
中文关键词	气候变暖 ; 马铃薯 ; 产量 ; 品质 ; 半干旱区
英文关键词	climate warming potato yield quality semiarid district
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	BIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5346290
来源机构	宁夏大学 ; 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233146
作者单位	1.宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国; 2.宁夏六盘山花卉研究所, 隆德, 756302; 3.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	肖国举,仇正跻,张峰举,等. 增温对西北半干旱区马铃薯产量和品质的影响[J]. 宁夏大学, 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,2015,35(3):830-836.
APA	肖国举.,仇正跻.,张峰举.,马飞.,姚玉璧.,...&王润元.(2015).增温对西北半干旱区马铃薯产量和品质的影响.生态学报,35(3),830-836.
MLA	肖国举,et al."增温对西北半干旱区马铃薯产量和品质的影响".生态学报 35.3(2015):830-836.