干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应

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	水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应
其他题名	Effects of Water and Fertilizer Coupling on Yield, Fruit Quality and Water and Fertilizer Use Efficiency of Young Apple Tree
	周罕觅; 张富仓; Roger Kjelgren; 吴立峰; 范军亮; 向友珍
来源期刊	农业机械学报
ISSN	1000-1298
出版年	2015
卷号	46 期号:12 页码:173-183
中文摘要	为探明半干旱地区苹果幼树水肥精准管理模式,研究了水肥耦合对3a生苹果幼树生长、产量、品质及水肥利用的效应,试验设置4个灌水水平,其灌水上下限分别为田间持水率的75%~85%(W_1)、65%~75%(W_2)、55%~65%(W_3)、45%~55%(W_4);3个施肥水平(NP_2O_5K_2O),即高肥:303010 g/株(F_1)、中肥:202010 g/株(F_2)、低肥:101010 g/株(F_3)。结果表明:苹果幼树萌芽开花期至新梢生长期控水控肥可有效调控苹果幼树植株和叶面积的增长;苹果产量最高和最低的处理分别为F_1W_1和F_3W_4(F_1W_1比F_3W_4增加139.1%),产量与干物质质量间相关关系的决定系数R~2为0.9085,达到了极显著水平;增加灌水量提高了苹果着色指数却降低其果形指数,亏水处理和增加施肥量有利于提高苹果硬度;轻度亏缺(F_2)灌溉处理下,增加施肥量有利于提高苹果维生素C含量;灌水量对苹果可溶性固形物和可溶性糖影响不显著,但增加施肥量有利于提高苹果可溶性固形物和可溶性糖的含量;施肥量对苹果可滴定酸和糖酸比影响不显著,但增加灌水量可降低苹果可滴定酸含量,提高苹果糖酸比;高水低肥处理能够产生较高的肥料偏生产力(PFP);水分利用效率(WUE)最大值基本上出现在F_2W_2处理,与F_1W_1相比,虽然产量减小7.5%,但耗水量却减小16.7%,WUE增加11.2%,高水高肥的F_1W_1处理并不能得到最大的WUE,最大的WUE出现在F_2W_2处理。由此可见,F_2W_2处理是苹果幼树生长、产量、品质以及水肥利用效率方面的最佳水肥组合,达到了节水、节肥的最佳水肥耦合模式。
英文摘要	In order to explore the accurate management mode of water and fertilizer supplies for young apple tree in semi-arid area field, the bucket cultivation experiment, including four levels of irrigation as 75%~85% (W_1), 65%~75% (W_2), 55%~65% (W_3) and 45%~55% (W_4) of field capacity, and three levels of fertilization (NP_2O_5K_2O) as 303010g/plant (F_1), 202010g/plant (F_2) and 101010 g/plant (F_3), was conducted to study the effects of water and fertilizer coupling on yield, fruit quality and water and fertilizer use efficiency of three-year old young apple tree. The results showed that controlled water and fertilizer can effectively regulate the plant and leaf area growth during bud flowering to new growth period; the highest and lowest yields were obtained by F_1W_1 and F_3W_4 treatments, respectively (compared with F_3W_4, yield of F_1W_1 was increased by 139.1%), and the determination coefficient between yield and dry mass was 0.9085. Increasing irrigation depth could improve apple color index but it would reduce the shape index, deficit irrigation and increased fertilizer application rates both could improve apple firmness. Increased fertilizer application rates could improve the vitamin C content of apple under mild deficit irrigation treatment (F_2); irrigation depth had no significant effect on soluble solids content and soluble sugar content, but increased fertilizer application rates could improve both of them; increased irrigation depth could reduce titratable acid and improve the sugar acid ratio, but fertilization rate had no significant effect on them. High irrigation depth and low fertilization rate could get high partial factor productivity (PFP), but the maximum water use efficiency (WUE) could not be got by F_1W_1 treatment. The maximum WUE was appeared in F_2W_2 treatment with yield decreased by 7.5%, water consumption decreased by 16.7% and WUE increased by 11.2% compared with F_1W_1 treatment. Thus, F_2W_2 treatment was the best water and fertilizer application combination for the young apple tree and it reached the best water and fertilizer coupling mode.
中文关键词	苹果树 ; 水肥耦合 ; 产量 ; 果实品质 ; 水分利用效率 ; 肥料偏生产力
英文关键词	Apple tree Water and fertilizer coupling Yield Fruit quality Water use efficiency Partial factor productivity
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Agriculture
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5591519
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233072
作者单位	周罕觅, 河南科技大学农业工程学院, 洛阳, 河南 471003, 中国.; 张富仓, 西北农林科技大学, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 吴立峰, 西北农林科技大学, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 范军亮, 西北农林科技大学, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 向友珍, 西北农林科技大学, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周罕觅,张富仓,Roger Kjelgren,等. 水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2015,46(12):173-183.
APA	周罕觅,张富仓,Roger Kjelgren,吴立峰,范军亮,&向友珍.(2015).水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应.农业机械学报,46(12),173-183.
MLA	周罕觅,et al."水肥耦合对苹果幼树产量、品质和水肥利用的效应".农业机械学报 46.12(2015):173-183.