干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 水盐调控措施改良龟裂碱土提高油葵产量

Arid

	水盐调控措施改良龟裂碱土提高油葵产量
其他题名	Effect of salt-water regulation on improving takyric solonetz land and yield of oil sunflower
	杨军 1; 孙兆军 2; 罗成科 2; 马飞 2; 韩磊 2; 王旭 1
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2015
卷号	31 期号:18 页码:121-128
中文摘要	针对龟裂碱地土质坚硬、渗透性差和改良利用难等问题,该文研究水盐调控措施对宁夏龟裂碱土改良效果及种植油葵的产量影响。在统一施用脱硫石膏28 t/hm~2、糠醛渣22.5 t/hm~2和淋洗定额4500 m~3/hm~2的基础上,通过3 a的田间对比试验,研究了添加黄沙、深松、土槽、黄沙+深松、黄沙+土槽、深松+土槽和黄沙+深松+土槽7个不同处理对龟裂碱土的土壤理化性能及种植油葵生长的影响,并与不添加脱硫石膏和糠醛渣只采取淋洗措施(淋洗定额4500 m~3/hm~2,CK)的改良效果进行比较。试验结果表明:在黄沙+深松+土槽的条件下,第1年土壤0~40 cm的pH值、电导率及碱化度比CK pH值、电导率和碱化度分别下降了22%、95%和71%,第3年分别下降了36.6%、98.2%和88.7%;0~40 cm土层的渗透率、pH值、电导率和碱化度降低程度:黄沙+深松+土槽>深松+土槽>黄沙+深松>深松>黄沙+土槽>土槽>黄沙,各处理与CK相比效果显著(P<0.01)。黄沙+深松+土槽处理的油葵产量比深松+土槽、黄沙+深松、黄沙+土槽、深松、土槽和黄沙处理分别增加16%、19%、15%、28%、20%和21%。综上,黄沙+深松+土槽措施可显著改良龟裂碱土,为龟裂碱地荒地开发利用水盐调控提供高效的技术支撑和可持续发展具有指导意义。
英文摘要	Takyric solonetz, a typical subclass of alkali soil, is widely distributed in the north of Yinchuan Plain of Ningxia Province, the west of Hetao Plain and the desert steppe in north Xinjiang in China. Due to the hard soil texture, poor permeability and difficult improvement, takyric solonetz has become the main factor severely affecting the development of local agriculture, and is expected to bring threat to the regional food security in the future. More and more improvement techniques have been developed to achieve a sustainable utilization of saline-alkali waste land, but the effect of the treatment of leaching + gypsum + furfural residue + desert sand + deep scarification + soil bin on soil properties and yield of oil sunflower on newly reclaimed takyric solonetz land remains unknown. In the present study, we conducted a three-year field comparative experiment to investigate the effect of different salt-water regulation modes on soil properties and yield of oil sunflowers, which were planted on newly reclaimed takyric solonetz land on the Qianjin Farmland of Xidatan, Ningxia (106°24’209 E, 38°50’289 N). On the basis of the unified application of desulfurization gypsum of 28 t~3/hm~2, furfural residue of 22.5 t~3/hm~2 and leaching water of 4 500 m~3/hm~2, 7 salt-water regulation measures were applied:desert sand (T1), deep scarification (T2), soil bin (T3), desert sand + deep scarification (T4), desert sand +soil bin (T5), deep scarification + soil bin (T6), and desert sand + deep scarification + soil bin (T7). A flat field only with leaching (4 500 m~3/hm~2) was used as control (CK). Soil permeability, pH value, electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable sodium saturation percentage (ESP), salt ions and growth of oil sunflower were monitored during the whole growth season. Results indicated the pH value, EC, ESP and salt ions in 0-40 cm soil layer significantly decreased (P<0.01) under T7 compared with those under CK, and the pH value, EC and ESP decreased by 22%, 95% and 71% respectively. Furthermore, the values of pH, EC and ESP were lower in the third year than those in the first year, which dropped to 7.25, 0.087 ms/cm and 5.2% respectively. By comparing the values of pH, EC and ESP between the 7 treatments in 0-40 cm, our results indicated that these values were the highest under T7, followed orderly by T6, T4, T2, T5, T3 and T1, and T1 showed the lowest values. In addition, T7 increased the emergence rate and the yield of oil sunflower by 6% and 16%, 8% and 19%, 3% and 15%, 21% and 28%, 16% and 20%, and 19% and 21% respectively compared to T6, T4, T5, T2, T3 and T1. We thus conclude that the regulation mode of desert sand + deep scarification + soil bin is able to improve the newly reclaimed takyric solonetz land most effectively. These results will also provide a technical support for the salt-water management of the newly reclaimed takyric solonetz farmlands, and a guide for the sustainable development and utilization of waste takyric solonetz land.
中文关键词	灌溉 ; 淋洗 ; 碱化度 ; 水盐调控措施 ; 龟裂碱土 ; pH值 ; 电导率 ; 油葵产量
英文关键词	irrigation leaching alkalinity salt-water regulation takyric solonetz pH value electrical conductivity oil sunflower yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5534815
来源机构	宁夏大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/233042
作者单位	1.宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国; 2.宁夏大学新技术应用研究开发中心, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨军,孙兆军,罗成科,等. 水盐调控措施改良龟裂碱土提高油葵产量[J]. 宁夏大学,2015,31(18):121-128.
APA	杨军,孙兆军,罗成科,马飞,韩磊,&王旭.(2015).水盐调控措施改良龟裂碱土提高油葵产量.农业工程学报,31(18),121-128.
MLA	杨军,et al."水盐调控措施改良龟裂碱土提高油葵产量".农业工程学报 31.18(2015):121-128.