干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布及产量的影响

Arid

	水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布及产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Water-nitrogen Coupling on Spatial and Temporal Distributions of Spring Wheat Roots and Yield under Drip Irrigation
	张伟 1; 李鲁华 1; 吕新 2
来源期刊	灌溉排水学报
ISSN	1672-3317
出版年	2015
卷号	34 期号:11 页码:47-51
中文摘要	为明确新疆干旱区滴灌春小麦水氮耦合对小麦根系的时空分布、水氮利用率及产量的影响,以新春19号为试验材料,利用田间定位试验研究了4个灌水量处理(W_0:0 m~3/hm~2、W_1:1 500 m~3/hm~2、W_2:4 500 m~3/hm~2、 W_(ck):3 750 m~3/hm~2)、4个施氮量处理(N_0:0 kg/hm~2、N_1:150 kg/hm~2、N_2:450 kg/hm~2、N_(ck):300 kg/hm~2)对拔节期、抽穗期、开花期及成熟期小麦根系根长密度、根体积、根质量等在0~100 cm土层的垂直分布、动态变化和产量及其构成因素的影响。结果表明,0~20 cm是各处理根量值(根质量、根体积、根长密度)最大的土层,也是根系活动最为旺盛的区域;土壤水氮适宜(W_(ck) N_(ck))时,表层根量增加;水氮过多会导致根系生长受抑(W_2N_2),根系活力下降,根系衰亡提前,影响水分吸收,导致水分、氮素利用率低且产量下降;水氮亏缺(W_1N_1)虽然有助于提高小麦水分、氮素利用率,但产量较低;土壤水分严重缺乏(W_0N_0),根系吸水困难,对表层土壤根系数量的增加不利,导致减产。建议在水资源相对充沛条件下滴灌小麦采用W_(ck)N_(ck)处理,更有利于实现节水、节肥和高产统一。
英文摘要	Field experiment was conducted to study the spatial and temporal distributions of spring wheat roots,water use efficiency,nitrogen use efficiency and yield under drip irrigation in the arid region of Xinjiang, with the spring wheat cultivar Xinchun 19 as test material.There were four irrigation amount treatments in the fixed field trail,including no irrigation(W_0),1 500 m~3/hm~2(W_1),4 500 m~3/hm~2(W_2)and 3 750 m~3/hm~2(W_(ck))and four fertilizing amount treatments,including no fertilizing(N_0),150 kg/hm~2 (N_1),450 kg/hm~2(N_2),300 kg/hm~2(N_(ck)).The experiment detected the vertical distribution and dynamic change of root length density,root volume,root weight of wheat in 0~100 cm soil depth at jointing stage, heading stage,flowering period and mature period.The results showed that the largest amount of root characteristics(root weight,root length density and root volume)was found at 0~20 cm soil depth, which was the most active region for wheat root system.Total amount of root system in the surface layer was increased in the appropriate soil moisture and nitrogen(W_(ck) N_(ck)).But excessive water and nitrogen amounts(W_2N_2)inhibited the growth of root systems,reduced the root activity and the absorption amount of water and nitrogen,and caused lower water and nitrogen use efficiencies and yield for wheat.Although low irrigation and nitrogen amount(W_1N_1)enhanced water and nitrogen use efficiencies under dry conditions, the wheat yield was lower.An acute shortage of water and nitrogen(W_0N_0)caused hard water and nitrogen absorption,lowest yield and root number also decreased at surface layer of soil.Therefore,it was better to use W_(ck)N_(ck)treatment at the condition of abundant water and nitrogen resources to realize the unity of water and nitrogen saving and high yield.
中文关键词	水氮耦合 ; 春小麦 ; 根系时空分布 ; 根系形态特征 ; 产量
英文关键词	water-nitrogen coupling spring wheat spatial and temporal distribution of roots yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5582456
来源机构	石河子大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/232855
作者单位	1.石河子大学农学院农学系耕作教研室, 新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国; 2.新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 石河子, 新疆 832003, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张伟,李鲁华,吕新. 水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布及产量的影响[J]. 石河子大学,2015,34(11):47-51.
APA	张伟,李鲁华,&吕新.(2015).水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布及产量的影响.灌溉排水学报,34(11),47-51.
MLA	张伟,et al."水氮耦合对滴灌春小麦根系时空分布及产量的影响".灌溉排水学报 34.11(2015):47-51.