干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆和田绿洲大气降尘和PM

Arid

	新疆和田绿洲大气降尘和PM_(10)浓度变化特征分析
其他题名	Variation characteristics of atmospheric dustfall and PM_(10) concentration in Hotan oasis,Xinjiang
	张小啸 1; 陈曦2 ; 王自发 3; 郭宇宏 4; 李杰 3
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2015
卷号	38 期号:3 页码:454-462
中文摘要	通过分析2000-2012年新疆和田绿洲环境监测记录和气象观测数据,研究该地区大气降尘强度和可吸入颗粒物浓度的变化特点,阐明其主要影响因素。结果显示:2000年以来大气降尘强度在1300~1500t·km~(-2)·a~(-1)水平上下波动变化,春、夏两季受沙尘天气影响导致高降尘量,月平均强度均>150t·km~(-2);环境PM_(10)年平均浓度在0.2~0.25mg·mg~(-3)之间变化,有逐渐上升的趋势,沙尘暴期间颗粒物浓度快速上升,PM_(10)浓度极值可达到2.52mg·m~(-3);超过91%的空气污染日数是由大气颗粒物造成的。因此,颗粒物是和田绿洲区的首要空气污染物。降水量波动变化剧烈,年平均值<50mm·a~(-1),尽管和田绿洲春、夏两季降水量增加,但降水对抑制大气颗粒物污染的湿清除作用极为有限。春、夏两季大风日数占全年大风天气总日数的84.7%以上,风蚀沙土在西北风作用下传输到绿洲区,来自塔克拉玛干沙漠的风蚀沙尘颗粒物是和田地区大气降尘和颗粒污染物的主要来源。
英文摘要	Currently research on the characteristics of long-term particulate matter and dustfall variations for the atmospheric environment over the oasis city in Xinjiang,China is inadequate. Therefore,a study on the impact of dust aerosols that improves the understanding of how ambient particulate matter and dustfall influences the oasis atmosphere is of significance to local residents. In this paper,based on environmental monitoring records and meteorological data from 2000-2012,we investigated the variation characteristics of atmospheric particulate matter (PM_(10),particle diameter≤10 mum)concentration and dustfall intensity over the Hotan oasis in southern Xinjiang region of China,and analyzed its main effect factors. Over the past 13 years,on the whole,annual average dustfall intensity in Hotan fluctuated within an interval of 1 300-1 500 t·km~(-2)·a-1. Its indicated that high monthly dustfall intensity above 150 t·km~(-2) was primarily occurred in spring and summertime because of frequent sand and dust storm weather. The annual average ambient PM_(10) concentration varied in an interval of 0.2-0.25 mg·m~(-3) with a trend of staged rising. In dust storm event,PM_(10) concentration in the oasis could elevate to a peak value of 2.52 mg·m~(-3). The dust pollutions illustrated that Hotan Prefecture had the high deposition intensity and exhibited a seasonal pattern. During spring and summer,wind erosion caused high levels of particulates pollution. Over 91% of air pollution day was caused by PM_(10),indicating that the particulate matter was local chief air pollutant. However,there was considerable variability among seasons,with the monthly mean PM_(10) concentrations ranging from 0.15 to 0.32 mg·m~(-3). Therefore,airborne dust is a notable contributor to air pollution in Hotan. Annual precipitation has been fluctuated considerably with an average of less than 50 mm·a-1. Although precipitation did increase in spring and in summer,its role of removing atmospheric PM_(10) pollution through wet deposition was still extremely limited. Statistical analyses showed gale days in spring and summer were attributed for over 84.7% of the year. Therefore,mass of erosion dusts were transported into Hotan oasis by prevailing wind from the northwest direction in spring and summertime. The source of atmospheric dustfall and PM_(10) pollution in Hotan oasis were mainly come from the erosion dust particles in Taklimakan Desert.
中文关键词	绿洲 ; 大气环境 ; 降尘 ; 颗粒物 ; 风蚀
英文关键词	oasis atmospheric environment dustfall particulate matter wind erosion
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5446646
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/232652
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室;;大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 3.中国科学院大气物理研究所, 大气边界层物理和大气化学国家重点实验室, 北京 100029, 中国; 4.新疆环境监测总站, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	张小啸,陈曦,王自发,等. 新疆和田绿洲大气降尘和PM_(10)浓度变化特征分析[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2015,38(3):454-462.
APA	张小啸,陈曦,王自发,郭宇宏,&李杰.(2015).新疆和田绿洲大气降尘和PM_(10)浓度变化特征分析.干旱区地理,38(3),454-462.
MLA	张小啸,et al."新疆和田绿洲大气降尘和PM_(10)浓度变化特征分析".干旱区地理 38.3(2015):454-462.