干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 敦煌西湖自然保护区湿地演化及驱动力分析

Arid

	敦煌西湖自然保护区湿地演化及驱动力分析
其他题名	Analysis on Wetland evolution and Its Driving Factors of Dunhuang Xihu Nature Protection Area
	段浩 1; 潘世兵 1; 李琳 1; 袁海峰 2
来源期刊	地球信息科学学报
ISSN	1560-8999
出版年	2015
卷号	17 期号:2 页码:222-228
中文摘要	西湖国家级自然保护区位于河西走廊西端,是敦煌盆地人工绿洲的天然屏障。近几十年来,由于气候变化和人类水土资源过度开发,保护区生态环境持续恶化,湿地退化和沙漠化趋势日趋严重。本文运用多时相资源卫星遥感影像,解译分析了保护区湿地演化规律。结果表明: 1980-2013年间有23个年份湿地处于快速退化状态,保护区湿地面积由1.7210~4hm~2减少到0.9910~4hm~2,减少了42.4%;保护区湿地的斑块数从32个增加到51个,平均斑块面积由537 hm~2减少为213 hm~2,湿地演化呈破碎化趋势。湿地分布质心向西南方向移动了11.59 km,湿地呈整体向西南缓慢移动的趋势。运用因子分析法对湿地演化的驱动因子进行了分类,并利用投影寻踪模型分析各驱动因子对湿地演化的贡献率,结果表明:下游湿地退化的根本原因是大规模引地表水和开采地下水灌溉,其次是气候变化引起的冰川退缩、径流量衰减。20世纪90年代,西湖保护区湿地处于相对稳定状态,建议敦煌地区耕地维持在20世纪90年代初的2.7*10~4 hm~2水平,或通过节水、调整作物结构和跨流域调水等措施,压缩引地表水和开采地下水水量,灌溉用水需控制在20世纪90年代初的用水水平。该研究成果可为自然保护区湿地保护和流域综合开发提供依据。
英文摘要	Xihu national nature protection area, the natural barrier of Dunhuang oasis, is located in the west of Hexi Corridor. Due to the climatic change and overdevelopment of land and water resources, the ecological environment problems such as wetland degradation and desertification have become more severe in the recent decades. The area of wetland, interpreted by multi-temporal remote sensing images, has decreased by 42.5%, from 17.2 thousands hm~2 to 9.9 thousands hm~2 from 1989 to 2013. The wetland evolution has a tendency of fragmentation, with its patch number increasing from 32 to 51 and the mean patch area declining from 537 hm~2 to 213 hm~2. The centroid of wetland moved southwest for about 11.59 km. It reveals that the wetland has a tendency of slowly moving to the southwest due to the development of Dunhuang city that located in the east of the wetland. The factor analysis is used to classify the driving factors related to wetland evaluation. Lastly, projection pursuit model is developed to analyze the influence of various driving factors on the wetland evaluation. The modeling result simultaneously illustrates that the wetland was in rapidly degenerated state during 23 years of the period between 1980 and 2013. The result also indicates that over-utilization of surface water and groundwater for agricultural land development is the radical reason of wetland degradation. The secondary motivation factors are glacier depletion and runoff decline caused by climatic change. In the 1990s, the wetland could keep a relatively steady state with the agricultural acreage remaining at 27 thousands hm~2. Therefore, it is suggested that the scale of land use should be kept at this level, or the use of surface water and groundwater should be reduced to the level in the early 1990s through the applications of saving water, changing crop type, as well as transferring water from nearby basins. The research results could provide considerable supports to wetland protection and the integrated riverbasin development planning and management.
中文关键词	遥感监测 ; 湿地 ; 驱动因子分析 ; 投影寻踪模型
英文关键词	remote sensing monitoring wetland factor analysis projection pursuit
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Science & Technology - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5333414
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/232525
作者单位	1.中国水利水电科学研究院, 北京 100038, 中国; 2.甘肃敦煌西湖国家自然保护区管理局, 敦煌, 甘肃 736200, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	段浩,潘世兵,李琳,等. 敦煌西湖自然保护区湿地演化及驱动力分析[J],2015,17(2):222-228.
APA	段浩,潘世兵,李琳,&袁海峰.(2015).敦煌西湖自然保护区湿地演化及驱动力分析.地球信息科学学报,17(2),222-228.
MLA	段浩,et al."敦煌西湖自然保护区湿地演化及驱动力分析".地球信息科学学报 17.2(2015):222-228.