干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 辽宁西部地区玉米生产期降水与干旱分析

Arid

	辽宁西部地区玉米生产期降水与干旱分析
其他题名	Analysis on Precipitation & Drought during Maize Production Period in West Liaoning Area
	宗英飞 1; 张国林 2; 谢华光 1
来源期刊	中国农学通报
ISSN	1000-6850
出版年	2014
卷号	30 期号:33 页码:263-267
中文摘要	为了防灾减灾服务,确保粮食生产安全,采用朝阳、阜新、葫芦岛市大气降水19532013年资料,运用变化趋势、变率、标准偏差、作物干旱指数等方法分析了辽西地区玉米生产期降水与需水的盈缺关系以及干旱发生频率。结果表明,19532013年玉米播种至拔节时段降水表现为弱增加,拔节至成熟时段呈明显减少,开花成熟期近10年降水减少62.0 mm;播种至成熟近10年降水减少64.2 mm。玉米全生育期需水量大于平均降水量,在61年里降水盈余占47.5%,亏缺占52.5%。辽西地区玉米全生育期属于半干旱气候类型,干旱年景占37.7%,其中,播种至出苗期干旱发生频率最高为55.7%,其次是拔节至开花期34.4%,开花至成熟期、出苗至拔节期则最少,分别为16.4%和13.1%。近10年作物干旱指数由半干旱升级为干旱,干旱发生频率增加明显。在农业干旱化日趋严重的状况下,应加快农作物结构调整,并充分利用好地下水资源补充降水不足,减轻干旱所带来的危害。
英文摘要	To serve for disaster prevention and mitigation and ensure grain production safety, the paper adopted atmospheric precipitation data in three cities of Chaoyang, Fuxin and Huludao from 1953 to 2013, and applied methods of variation trend, variability rate, standard deviation, crop drought index etc., to analyze the ample-deficient relation of precipitation and water requirement and drought frequency in West Liaoning area during maize production period. The result shows that: from 1953 to 2013, the precipitation has shown an increasing trend during maize seeding to elongation stage, a trend of significant decrease during elongation stage to mature period. In recent 10 a, the precipitation was reduced 62.0 mm during flowering stage and 64.2 mm in all growth period. Water requirement of maize in all growth period was bigger than average rainfall while in the 61 a, amply rainfall accounted for 47.5% and deficient rainfall accounted for 52.5%. West Liaoning area in maize all growth period belonged to semi-arid climatic zone with 37.7% of the time in a year was semi-arid.Among which, drought frequency during seeding to emergence period was the highest (55.7%), followed by the elongation to flowering period (34.4%); and drought frequency was the lowest during flowering to mature period and emergency to elongation period which was 16.4% and 13.1%, respectively. The recent 10a crop drought index has been upgraded from semi- arid to arid; the drought frequency has obviously increased. Under the situation of growing agricultural arid tendency, adjustment of crop structure should be speeded up and groundwater resources should be made full use to complement insufficient rainfall so as to reduce drought damages.
中文关键词	玉米 ; 降水量 ; 需水量 ; 干旱
英文关键词	corn precipitation water requirement drought
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5306394
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/232116
作者单位	1.辽宁省朝阳市龙城区气象局, 朝阳, 辽宁 122000, 中国; 2.朝阳市气象局, 朝阳, 辽宁 122000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	宗英飞,张国林,谢华光. 辽宁西部地区玉米生产期降水与干旱分析[J],2014,30(33):263-267.
APA	宗英飞,张国林,&谢华光.(2014).辽宁西部地区玉米生产期降水与干旱分析.中国农学通报,30(33),263-267.
MLA	宗英飞,et al."辽宁西部地区玉米生产期降水与干旱分析".中国农学通报 30.33(2014):263-267.