干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同膜下滴灌方式对设施黄瓜生理特性及水分利用效率的影响

Arid

	不同膜下滴灌方式对设施黄瓜生理特性及水分利用效率的影响
其他题名	Effects of different drip irrigation methods under plastic film on physiological characteristics and water use efficiency of protected cucumber
	赵志成 1; 杨显贺 1; 李清明 2; 刘彬彬 3; 杨振超 4
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2014
卷号	34 期号:22 页码:6597-6605
中文摘要	为了探明黄瓜膜下分根交替滴灌的节水效果,为设施黄瓜节水灌溉提供理论依据和技术参数,以津优3号黄瓜为试材,采用随机区组设计,以土壤田间持水量的65%为灌水下限,田间持水量的90%为灌水上限,研究了分根交替滴灌(APDI)、固定1/2根区滴灌(FPDI)和传统滴灌(CDI)3种灌溉模式对黄瓜生长、生理特性、产量与品质及水分利用效率的影响,结果表明:(1)随灌溉处理时间的延长,3种灌溉模式的单株叶面积和株高的差异越来越显著,而茎粗和叶片数差异不显著;(2)与传统滴灌相比,分根交替滴灌模式下黄瓜叶片净光合速率略有下降而蒸腾速率显著降低,水分利用效率显著提高;(3)分根交替滴灌处理下黄瓜可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量与传统滴灌相比差异不显著,Vc含量却显著增加;(4)分根交替滴灌模式下黄瓜产量比传统滴灌下降1.5%,而灌水量减少17%,水分利用效率提高18.6%,节水效果显著。综上所述,分根交替滴灌可以在保证设施黄瓜产量没有显著下降的前提下,改善品质和显著提高水分利用效率,可作为设施节水提质增效的一种灌溉模式,推广应用前景广阔。
英文摘要	In order to explain the water-saving effect of the alternative partial root-zone drip irrigation (APDI) and provide a theoretical basis and technical parameters for water-saving in protected culture cucumber cultivation, we studied the effects of APDI,fixed partial root-zone drip irrigation (FPDI) and conventional drip irrigation (CDI),on cucumber growth, physiological characteristics, yield, quality and water use efficiency (Jinyou No. 3). The trial was a completely randomized design with 65% of the soil field capacity set as irrigation lower limit, and 90% of field capacity set as irrigation higher limit. The results showed that : (1) With extension of the treatment time,stem diameter and leaf number did not show any significant difference, while the difference in leaf area and plant height of cucumber seedlings among the three irrigation patterns became more prominent. This proved that drought stress can significantly affect the relative leaf area expansion rate of greenhouse cucumber, because cell elongation is more sensitive to water stress than cell division. Under APDI treatment, cucumber root systems alternately subjected to water stress stimulated root growth, which promoted assimilation products in the root system, and then improved the root-shoot ratio, thus enhancing the water and nutrient uptake ability of the root system. (2) There was no significant difference in chlorophyll content in cucumber leaves between the APDI and CDI,but chlorophyll content decreased significantly under FPDI when compared with CDI. This was probably due to long-period drought stress in one side of its root system, resulting in greater suppression of root growth, the absorption ability of water and nutrients was decreased and the chlorophyll synthesis finally declined. Compared with CDI, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves declined slightly and the transpiration rate was significantly reduced under APDI,which resulted in a significant increase of leaf water use efficiency (WUE). Under FPDI treatment,the photosynthetic carbon assimilation rate decreased, meaning excessive excitation energy could not dissipate promptly, electron transport was then blocked,which resulted in a significant decrease of the actual photochemical efficiency and a significant increase of non-photochemical quenching. (3) Under the APDI pattern,there were no significant differences in soluble protein and soluble sugar content of the cucumber compared with CDI,but vitamin C content increased significantly ; 3oluble sugar and soluble protein content of cucumber fruit were’ higher under FPDI than those of CDI and APDI, however, vitamin C content decreased significantly. (4) Compared with CDI, the irrigation quantity decreased by 28.3% and water use efficiency increased by 32% under FPDI, which indicated that FPDI can save a significant amount of water with only an 8% decreaseinyield. Compared with CDI, APDI decreased the yield by 1.5%, but reduced the irrigation amount by 17%, and increased water use efficiency by 18. 6%, which means that the APDI pattern has a remarkable water-saving effect. Therefore, APDI can optimize the allocation of photosynthetic products, reducing growth redundancy and adjusting the allocation ratio between vegetative and reproductive growth. In conclusion, use of the APDI pattern can significantly improve the quality of cucumber fruit as well as increasing water use efficiency without a significant decrease in yield,so it can be applied in protected horticulture for water-saving irrigation,improving quality as well as irrigation efficiency,and has broad application prospects in arid and semi-arid regions.
中文关键词	分根交替滴灌 ; 黄瓜(Cucumis sativus L.) ; 生理特性 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	alternate partial root-zone drip irrigation cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) physiological characteristics water use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	BIOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5310138
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231626
作者单位	1.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 泰安, 山东 271018, 中国; 2.山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室, 泰安, 山东 271018, 中国; 3.作物生物学国家重点实验室, 泰安, 山东 271018, 中国; 4.西北农林科技大学园艺学院, 杨凌, 712100
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	赵志成,杨显贺,李清明,等. 不同膜下滴灌方式对设施黄瓜生理特性及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2014,34(22):6597-6605.
APA	赵志成,杨显贺,李清明,刘彬彬,&杨振超.(2014).不同膜下滴灌方式对设施黄瓜生理特性及水分利用效率的影响.生态学报,34(22),6597-6605.
MLA	赵志成,et al."不同膜下滴灌方式对设施黄瓜生理特性及水分利用效率的影响".生态学报 34.22(2014):6597-6605.