干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 荒漠绿洲农田盐渍化过程中土壤环境的演变过程

Arid

	荒漠绿洲农田盐渍化过程中土壤环境的演变过程
其他题名	Change of Soil Physico-chemical Characteristics in Farmland Salinization in Arid Oasis
	王燕; 赵哈林; 董治宝; 赵学勇; 潘成臣
来源期刊	生态环境学报
ISSN	1674-5906
出版年	2014
卷号	23 期号:11 页码:1744-1751
中文摘要	土壤环境的盐渍化演变过程是盐渍化其它过程研究的基础。采用空间代替时间的方法,在干旱绿洲区选择大麦(Hordeum vulgare L.)作物地不同盐渍化阶段农田为研究对象,并以非盐渍化农田作为对照,探讨农田盐渍化过程中土壤理化特性的演变过程。结果表明,(1)随盐渍化程度的加剧,土壤颗粒组成发生变化,沙粒含量趋于增加,黏粒含量趋于减少,粉粒含量在重度和极重度盐渍化阶段完全消失。表土层土壤容重呈显著增加趋势(P<0.05),但土壤温度没有显著性变化(P>0.05)。(2)土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷和速效氮含量呈波动式降低趋势,而速效磷含量呈波动式增加的趋势。与未盐渍化农田相比,轻度、中度、重度和极重度盐渍化农田土壤表层有机碳和全氮含量分别减少了14.03%、26.26%、42.01%、48.03%;19.08%、35.63%、46.84%、56.88%。(3)随盐渍化程度的加剧,盐分表聚现象明显,除HCO_3外,Na~+、Cl~-、K~+、Mg~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)全盐含量均显著增加(P<0.05),且随着深度的增加逐渐下降。与未盐渍化农田相比,轻度、中度、重度、极重度盐渍化农田土壤电导率、全盐,SO_4~(2-), Na~+含量分别增加了31.42%、74.42%、203.95%、693.58%, 6.56%、96.38%、86.36%、414.86%, 5.23%、114.58%、104.00%、430.32%, 31.46%、145.22%、345.11%、1797.70%; HCO_3~-下降了-11.31%、2.02%、3.75%、10.94%。(4)土壤电导率、全盐、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Cl~-、Mg~(2+)、K~+、Na~+之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),但与土壤含水量没有显著正负相关性,与黏粉粒含量呈显著负相关(P<0.05);土壤有机碳、全氮、速效氮之间呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),但与土壤含水量没有显著正负相关性,与土壤电导率、全盐、SO_4~(2-)、Ca~(2+)、Cl~-、Mg~(2+)、K~+ Na~+之间呈极显著负相关(P<0.01)。这说明,在农田盐渍化过程中,随盐渍化程度的加剧,土壤逐渐粗化,结构趋于恶化;土壤碳、氮养分储存和供应水平趋于降低但土壤磷的变化不同;随盐渍化程度的加剧,更多盐分往土壤表层聚集,土壤上下层之间的各盐离子含量差异逐渐增加;土壤机械组成和土壤养分含量与土壤电导率、各盐离子含量密切相关。
英文摘要	The study on development process of soil environment salinization is a basis for studies of other processes in salinization. In this paper, by using the method of replacing time with space, soil physico-chemical characteristics in the process of farmland salinization (from non-saline (CK), to lightly, moderately, heavily and to severely salinized Hordeum vulgare L. grown field) were investigated in an arid oasis in northern China. The results showed that: (1) With an increase in salinity, the content of clay decreased, but soil bulk density in surface layer presented a increasing trend (P<0.05). As for soil temperature, no significant change was found among the five stages (P>0.05). (2) Soil organic carbon (C), total nitrogen (N), total phosphorus (P) and available N concentrations decreased significantly with an increase in salinity, while available phosphorus (P) concentration increased significantly. Compared to the non-saline field, soil organic C and total N in lightly, moderately, heavily, severely salinized field decreased by 14.02%, 26.26%, 41.98%, 48.04% and 19.08%, 35.63%, 46.84%, 56.88%. (3) With an increase in salinity, more and more salts accumulated in surface layer. Except HCO_3~-, all the salt ions increased significantly with an increase in salinity (P<0.05), and decreased significantly with an increase in depth. Compared to the non-saline field, soil EC, total salts, SO_4~(2-), Na~+ in lightly, moderately, heavily, severely salinized field increased by 31.42%, 74.42%, 203.95%, 693.58%; 6.56%, 96.38%, 86.36%, 414.86%; 5.23%, 114.58%, 104.00%, 430.32%; 31.46%, 145.22%, 345.11%, 1797.70%; HCO_3~- decreased by -11.31%、2.02%、3.75%、10.94%. (4) Analysis showed that there were very significant positive correlation among soil EC, TS, SO_4~(2-), Ca~(2+), Cl~-, Mg~(2+), K~+ and Na~+(P<0.01), but they were significantly negatively correlated with fine particle content (P<0.05). Analysis also showed that there were very significant positive correlation among soil organic C, total N and available N (P<0.01),but they were very significantly negatively correlated with soil EC, TS, SO_4~(2-),Ca~(2+), Cl~-, Mg~(2+) and K~+ as well as Na+ (P<0.01). As a whole, in the process of farmland salinization, soil particle composition presented a coarsening trend, soil structure became deteriorating with an increase in salinity; the storage and supply of soil organic C, total N and available N decreased gradually, but the change of soil phosphorus (P) was different; with an increase in salinity, more and more salts accumulated in surface layer, the difference of the salt ions concentrations between the upper and lower layers increased gradually; soil particle composition and soil nutrient content had significant correlation with soil EC and salt ions concentrations.
中文关键词	农田 ; 盐渍化 ; 土壤理化性质 ; 演变过程 ; 绿洲
英文关键词	farmland salinization soil physico-chemical characteristic change process oasis
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5309256
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231553
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王燕,赵哈林,董治宝,等. 荒漠绿洲农田盐渍化过程中土壤环境的演变过程[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2014,23(11):1744-1751.
APA	王燕,赵哈林,董治宝,赵学勇,&潘成臣.(2014).荒漠绿洲农田盐渍化过程中土壤环境的演变过程.生态环境学报,23(11),1744-1751.
MLA	王燕,et al."荒漠绿洲农田盐渍化过程中土壤环境的演变过程".生态环境学报 23.11(2014):1744-1751.