干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性与复杂性研究以宁夏盐池为例

Arid

	半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性与复杂性研究以宁夏盐池为例
其他题名	Diversity of Plant Species and Communities Complexity in Artificial Fencing Region of Semi-Arid Area A Case Study of Yanchi County of Ningxia
	刘小丹 1; 李瑞 2; 张克斌1 ; 艾哈迈德·比拉勒 1
来源期刊	生态环境学报
ISSN	1674-5906
出版年	2014
卷号	23 期号:7 页码:1093-1101
中文摘要	围栏封育促进植被恢复效果研究方法很多，其中通过研究植被的群落特征及物种多样性来阐述恢复状况仍是比较常用和有效的手段，但多样性测度对生物群落的自组织及有序性方面的特征描述欠缺，鉴于此，多样性与复杂性测度结合起来研究群落结构与功能显得更有意义。研究人工封育对植被恢复过程中群落的多样性与复杂性的影响，必然有助于揭示生态恢复过程机理。目前，利用多样性与复杂性测度相结合来对群落结构进行量化研究不多，用于对草原生态系统植物群落结构研究更少。本文通过样地调查，利用多样性和复杂性指数相结合定量研究半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性、复杂性随封育年限的变化规律，并对比分析复杂性与物种多样性之间的相关性。结果表明，(1)老封育区、新封育区丰富度指数整体高于对照区，说明封育有利于物种丰富度的增加。但随封育时间的延长，封育区的优势种占据主要的资源空间，丰富度指数降低。长时间封育，草场植被丰富度将发生规律性波动变化，低峰值和高峰值出现频率均约为4~5年/次。老封育区、新封育区的SW、SP多样性指数值大部分也高于对照区，说明封育措施增加草场植被的多样性。物种多样性指数受降水影响显著，当降水量增加或减少时，多样性指数也相应出现增加或减少，但降水影响效应具有一定的滞后性。老封育区、新封育区均匀度变化比较平稳，且指数值高于对照区，说明封育有利于均匀度的增加。(2)老封育区、新封育区总复杂性指数、无序结构复杂性指数值大部分比对照区指数值高，且指数波动相对平稳，说明封育区群落结构比对照区稳定，更适合荒漠草原植被的生长，封育增加了群落总复杂性、无序结构复杂性。封育也提高群落有序结构复杂性，但随着封育时间的延长，有序结构复杂性指数有下降趋势，可能导致群落结构稳定性下降。在不同封育条件下均表现出无序结构复杂性值高于有序结构复杂性值，说明群落总复杂性受无序结构复杂性影响较大。(3)在0.01水平上，群落总复杂性与SW指数相关性最高为0.998，与无序结构复杂性、均匀度、物种丰富度也有较高的正相关性。而在0.05水平上，群落总复杂性与有序结构复杂性相关性不显著，说明群落总复杂性主要受无序结构复杂性影响。在0.01水平上，无序结构复杂性与SW多样性、SP多样性、均匀度、物种丰富度也存在着显著相关性，其中无序结构复杂性与SW指数相关性也最高为0.896，说明无序结构复杂性与SW多样性有着密切关系，但与有序结构复杂性呈负相关，为-0.215。有序结构复杂性仅与物种丰富度在0.05水平上存在显著相关性，与其它多样性指数相关性不显著。本文关于复杂性与多样性关系研究只是从数值关系和描述角度进行的，但是要真正意义上理解结构复杂性必须将它与生态过程联系起来，其生态意义和应用价值才能进一步明确，基于生态过程的群落复杂性研究将是今后研究的重点。
英文摘要	There are many methods which used to studies the effects of vegetation grown under the fencing condition. These methods are used to demonstrate the condition of vegetation restoration through the study of various characteristics of vegetation communities and species diversity. These methods are still a relatively common and effective means but diversity measure lacks characteristics description about self-organization and uniformity of biological communities. In view of this, it is more meaningful to combine diversity and complexity measure for the study of structure and functions of these communities. This research study shows the impacts of artificial fencing on the diversity and complexity of communities in the process of vegetation restoration which will inevitably help to reveal the mechanism of ecological restoration. Currently there is few research studies of combining both species diversity and complexity measure are used to study the quantitative structure of plant communities, with few reports on grassland ecosystem. The plant communities in artificial fencing pasture in semi-arid area were explored in this study. The diversity and complexity measure were used to study of the diversity and complexity of plant communities, as well as the relationship between complexity and species diversity. The results showed that: (1) the richness values in old and new fencing areas were higher than in the contrast area which indicated that fencing helped to increase species richness. Long-time fencing would occur regularly richness fluctuations to pasture vegetation, and frequency of occurrence of the high and low peak value was about 4 to 5 years/time. Most of diversity index values i.e. Shannon-Wiener diversity (SW) and Simpson diversity (SP)in old and new fencing areas were also higher than in the contrast area, which indicated that fencing measure increased the diversity of grassland vegetation. Species diversity indices were significantly influenced by precipitation, when precipitation increased or decreased, the diversity index also appeared to increase or decrease accordingly, but the rainfall has also a positive effect. Uniformity changes in old and new fencing areas were relatively stable, and the index values were higher than in the contrast area, which indicated that fencing helped to increase evenness. Most of complexity index values i.e. total complexity index and disorder-based complexity index in old and new fencing areas were higher than in the contrast area while the index changes were relatively stable which illustrated that communities structure in fencing areas were more stable than in the contrast area, and environment were more suitable for growth of desert prairie vegetation. The word fencing increased the total complexity and disorder-based complexity. Fencing also increased structural complexity but with the extension of fencing time, structural complexity index has downward trend, which may lead to communities structure stability decreased. Disorder-based complexity values were higher than structural complexity values in different fencing conditions which showed that disorder-based complexity had great effects on the total community complexity. At the level of 0.01, total complexity had the highest correlation index of 0.998 with SW diversity, and also had higher positive correlation with disorder-based complexity, evenness, species richness. And at the level of 0.05,there was not significant correlation between total complexity and structural complexity, which indicated that total complexity was affected by disorder-based complexity. At the level of 0.01,disorder-based complexity had also significant correlation with SW, SP diversity, evenness and species richness, of which there was also the highest correlation index of 0.896 with SW diversity.
中文关键词	半干旱区 ; 人工封育 ; 植物群落 ; 物种多样性 ; 群落复杂性
英文关键词	semi-arid area artificial fencing plant communities species diversity communities complexity
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5248254
来源机构	北京林业大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231548
作者单位	1.北京林业大学水土保持学院, 水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室, 北京 100083, 中国; 2.贵州省水土保持监测站, 贵阳, 贵州 550002, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘小丹,李瑞,张克斌,等. 半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性与复杂性研究以宁夏盐池为例[J]. 北京林业大学,2014,23(7):1093-1101.
APA	刘小丹,李瑞,张克斌,&艾哈迈德·比拉勒.(2014).半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性与复杂性研究以宁夏盐池为例.生态环境学报,23(7),1093-1101.
MLA	刘小丹,et al."半干旱区人工封育草场植物群落物种多样性与复杂性研究以宁夏盐池为例".生态环境学报 23.7(2014):1093-1101.