干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长

Arid

	膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长
其他题名	Irrigation and fertilization coupling of drip irrigation under plastic film promotes tomato’s nutrient uptake and growth
	邢英英 1; 张富仓 2; 张燕 1; 李静 1; 强生才 1; 李志军 2; 高明霞 2
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2014
卷号	30 期号:21 页码:70-80
中文摘要	研究膜下滴灌不同水肥调控措施对日光温室番茄生长、产量、养分吸收利用的影响,为温室番茄水肥科学管理提供依据。设灌水(W)和施肥(F:N-P_2O_5-K_2O)2因素,以常规沟灌施肥(W1:100%ET_0,F1:240-120-150 kg/hm~2,ET_0为参考作物蒸发蒸腾量)为对照(Control, CK),3个滴灌水量(W1:100%ET_0、W2:75%ET_0、W3:50%ET_0)和3个施肥水平(F1:240-120-150 kg/hm~2、F2:180-90-112.5 kg/hm~2、F3:120-60-75 kg/hm~2)。结果表明,滴灌施肥(W1F1)比CK处理的干物质量、产量和肥料偏生产力(PFP,partial factor productivity of fertilizer)分别增加60.0%、46.9%和47.0%,氮、磷和钾吸收量是CK的1.82~2.41、1.56~2.03和1.36~1.90倍。滴灌施肥下,W1F2干物质量最大(9 258.3 kg/hm~2),W1和W2较W3增产19.0%和6.5%,F1和F2较F3增产18.3%和12.9%。生育期内,植株氮、磷和钾吸收量均随灌水量和施肥量的增加而增大(第二果膨大期,F2处理磷和钾吸收量最大除外),灌水量越大,养分利用效率(NUE,nutrient use efficiency)越小,吸收效率(UPE,nutrient uptake efficiency)和PFP越大,施肥量越大,NUE、UPE及PFP均减小。综合分析,滴灌施肥增产效果明显,W1F2(100%ET_0,N-P_2O_5-K_2O为180-90-112.5 kg/hm~2)处理干物质量最大,有较大的增产潜力,UPE和PFP较高,是适宜的灌水施肥组合。
英文摘要	The low irrigation and fertilizer use efficiency of the greenhouse vegetables is a serious problem in semi-arid northwest areas of China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of fertigation on tomato growth, yield, nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency in a solar greenhouse, thereby providing a theoretical and experimental basis for the irrigation and fertilizer management of tomato greenhouse in this area. From March to July 2013, the plot experiments were carried out on a greenhouse tomato cultivar of Jinpeng 10 at Yangling District of Shaanxi Province. Two factors of irrigation (W) and fertilizer (F: N-P_2O_5-K_2O) were set up in this study. There were 3 irrigation levels (W1:100%ET_0; W2:75%ET_0; W3:50%ET_0, ET_0 is the reference crop evapotranspiration), 3 fertilizer levels (N:P_2O_5:K_2O in F1: 240: 120: 150 kg/hm~2, F2: 180: 90: 112.5 kg/hm~2, F3: 120: 60: 75 kg/hm~2), and a control treatment irrigated by conventional furrow method (W: 100%ET_0, N:P_2O_5:K_2O was 240: 120: 150 kg/hm~2). The results showed that the dry matter accumulation, tomato yield and partial factor productivity of fertilizer for the drip fertigation treatment (W1F1) were 144.77 kg/hm~2, 97.15 t/hm~2 and 190.5 kg/kg, respectively, which were 60.0%, 46.9% and 47.0% higher than those of the control treatment with the same amount of irrigation and fertilizer. The absorptive amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the plant organs were 1.82-2.41, 1.56-2.03, and 1.36-1.90 times higher than those of the control treatment, respectively. Except for the harvest period, the distribution rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in fruits were greater than those of the control treatment. The drip fertigation treatment also significantly increased the absorption efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as well as the partial factor productivity of fertilizer (PFP). Under drip irrigation and fertilization condition, the dry matter accumulation increased with the increase of irrigation water. Under the irrigation treatments W1 and W2, the dry matter accumulation first increased and then decreased as the fertilizer increased, while it continuously increased with the increase of the fertilizer under the treatment W3. The maximum dry matter accumulation was recorded in the W1F2 treatment (9 258.3 kg/hm~2). Tomato yield was significantly affected by the irrigation, fertilization and irrigation-fertilization interaction, increased with the increase of irrigation water and fertilizer. The maximum tomato yield was recorded in the W1F1 treatment (97.15 t/hm~2).
中文关键词	滴灌 ; 肥料 ; 水 ; 番茄 ; 产量 ; 养分吸收 ; 分配 ; 肥料利用效率
英文关键词	irrigation fertilizers water tomato yield nutrient absorption distribution fertilizer use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5294598
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231494
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 杨凌, 712100; 2.西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室, 杨凌, 712100
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	邢英英,张富仓,张燕,等. 膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2014,30(21):70-80.
APA	邢英英.,张富仓.,张燕.,李静.,强生才.,...&高明霞.(2014).膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长.农业工程学报,30(21),70-80.
MLA	邢英英,et al."膜下滴灌水肥耦合促进番茄养分吸收及生长".农业工程学报 30.21(2014):70-80.