干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 甘肃张掖黑水国西城驿遗址出土木炭指示的树木利用和古环境

Arid

	甘肃张掖黑水国西城驿遗址出土木炭指示的树木利用和古环境
其他题名	TREE EXPLOITATION AND PALAEO-ENVIRONMENT AT HEISHUIGUO XICHENGYI SITE, ZHANGYE CITY, GANSU PROVINCE REVEALED WITH EXCAVATED CHARCOAL ANALYSIS
	王树芝 1; 李虎 2; 张良仁 3; 陈国科 4; 王鹏 1; 赵志军 1
来源期刊	第四纪研究
ISSN	1001-7410
出版年	2014
卷号	34 期号:1 页码:43-50
中文摘要	在2010年度甘肃张掖市甘州区黑水国西城驿遗址的发掘中,采用筛选法,在灰坑、房址、地层、沟和墓中罐子中共采集了38份木炭样品。对其中大于4mm的656块木炭进行了鉴定,656块木炭分别属于13种木本植物种属,有柽柳(Tamarix chinensis)、柽柳属(Tamarix)、沙棘属(Hippophae)、枸杞属(Lycium)、杨属(Populus)、柳属(Salix)、榆属(Ulmus)、云杉属(Picea)、圆柏属(Sabina)、沙拐枣属(Calligonum)、蒺藜科Zygophyllaceae和2种未鉴定的阔叶树及1枚杏核(apricot pit)。研究表明:柽柳属木材在黑水国西城驿遗址古代人类生活中占有重要地位,古人用柽柳作建筑材料。古代居民有可能采集枸杞属、沙棘属和杏属树木的果实食用,可能用沙拐枣属和蒺藜科树木的枝叶做饲料。研究还表明,黑水国西城驿遗址三期古环境比一期和二期相对干旱。
英文摘要	Heishuiguoxichengyi site (39. 01°N,100. 30°E) is located in 3 km northwest of Xiaya village, Mingyong town, Zhangye City, Gansu Province. It was seated on the alluvial fan platform on the western side of the middle of the Heihe River, with an altitude of 1300m, and typical temperate continental climate with semi-desert to desert temperate zonal landscape. Heishuiguoxichengyi site was excavated jointly by Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology of Gansu Province,Institute of Archaeology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing University of Science and Technology,and Northwestern University in 2010. The site consists three areas of A,B and C. The basis point of the site is in the northwest corner of 10ZH Ⅳ T0101 of area A. Area B is 25meter north, and 165meter east of basis point. Area C is 280meter north,375meter east of basis point. Area A is divided into four quadrants, and 38 batches of charcoal samples were collected from pit,ditch,house,stratum and tomb in quadrants Ⅲ and IV. The remains were belonged to three culture phases, phase I,phase II and phase Ⅲ. Collected remains include slag, ore, furnace wall, blast air pipe, stone model, plant macro-remains and animal remains. The stratum 7 belongs to phase I,strata 5 and 6 belong to phase II and strata 2,3,and 4 belong to phase Ⅲ. ~(14)C measurement and tree ring calibration indicated that excavated wheat in 2010ZHIVT0101 (stratum 4) and 2010ZHIVT0301 (stratum 6c) and the charcoal in 2010ZHIVT0301 (stratum 7d) were remains of 1695 BC,1740 BC and 1980 BC respectively. The objective of this study is to construct the precise palaeo-vegetation,palaeo-environment,and wood exploitation in ancient Heishuiguoxichengyi site. From the 38 charcoal samples,656 fragments with size larger than 4mm were identified using stereo microscope and scanning electronic microscope,they belonged to 13 genera,Tamarix chinensis,Tamarix,Hippophae,Lycium, Populus, Salix, Picea, Sabina, Ulmus, Calligonum and Zygophyllaceae, two unidentified broad-leaf species and one apricot pit. Statistics analysis indicated that Tamarix chinensis and Tamarix were dominants in the charcoal samples (58. 5%),followed by Hippophae (14. 0%),Populus (8. 1%),Calligonum (7. 8%),Zygophyllaceae (4. 1%),Picea (2. 1%),Lycium(1. 8%),Salix (1. 4%),unidentified species A(1. 2%),Sabina, Ulmus and unidentified species B (accounting for 0. 3% respectively). Based on ecological features and species diversity, strata 6 and 7 were more humidity,which is proved by the most diverse of species, and the presence of Picea,an ecological indicator,and Salix, the humid favor plant. Study also revealed that it was more arid in stratum 2. This study indicated that Tamarix played an important role in ancient people’s life. Tamarix was found in postholes used for constructing houses ; wolfberry,seabuckthorn and apricot fruits were collected for food ; Calligonum and Zygophyllaceae branches and leaves have been used to fodder animals. The study also revealed that in phase Ⅲ Heishuiguoxichengyi was more arid than phase I and phase II,and with more plant exploitation by human populations during phase Ⅲ.
中文关键词	黑水国西城驿遗址 ; 木炭分析 ; 植物考古 ; 古环境 ; 木材利用
英文关键词	Heishuiguoxichengyi site charcoal analysis archaeobotany palaeoenvironment wood exploitation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	HISTORY
WOS研究方向	History
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5038499
来源机构	兰州大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/231002
作者单位	1.中国社会科学院考古研究所, 北京 100710, 中国; 2.兰州大学,干旱环境与气候变化协同创新中心, 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 3.西北大学文化遗产学院, 兰州, 甘肃 710069, 中国; 4.甘肃省文物考古研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730050, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王树芝,李虎,张良仁,等. 甘肃张掖黑水国西城驿遗址出土木炭指示的树木利用和古环境[J]. 兰州大学,2014,34(1):43-50.
APA	王树芝,李虎,张良仁,陈国科,王鹏,&赵志军.(2014).甘肃张掖黑水国西城驿遗址出土木炭指示的树木利用和古环境.第四纪研究,34(1),43-50.
MLA	王树芝,et al."甘肃张掖黑水国西城驿遗址出土木炭指示的树木利用和古环境".第四纪研究 34.1(2014):43-50.