干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 基于RWEQ的20世纪90年代以来内蒙古锡林郭勒盟土壤风蚀研究

Arid

	基于RWEQ的20世纪90年代以来内蒙古锡林郭勒盟土壤风蚀研究
其他题名	Wind erosion in Xilingol League, Inner Mongolia since the 1990s using the Revised Wind Erosion Equation
	巩国丽; 刘纪远; 邵全琴
来源期刊	地理科学进展
ISSN	1007-6301
出版年	2014
卷号	33 期号:6 页码:825-834
中文摘要	土壤风蚀是中国北方地区重要的生态环境问题。锡林郭勒盟位于中国干旱、半干旱地区,是中国北方典型风蚀区,其特殊的地理位置又使得本区成为华北重要的生态屏障,为此锡林郭勒盟全区均划入了京津风沙源治理工程区。为了更好地阐明锡林郭勒盟的土壤风力侵蚀过程,指导区域的荒漠化防治,,基于气象、遥感数据,利用RWEQ模型定量分析了20世纪90年代以来锡林郭勒盟的土壤风蚀时空格局,揭示土壤风蚀的主要影响因素。研究表明:锡林郭勒盟多年平均土壤风蚀量为3.39亿t。土壤风蚀强度以微度和轻度为主,主要集中在植被较好,风蚀力较低,降雨量较高,雪被覆盖地表时间较长的东、中部地区以及南部地区。侵蚀强度为中度以上的侵蚀区集中在苏尼特右旗、正镶白旗和正蓝旗的浑善达克沙地;90年代以来,锡林郭勒盟的土壤风蚀强度总体上呈减弱趋势,主要与风场强度的减弱,植被盖度等的变化有关。土壤风蚀多发生于风蚀力较大的春季,风蚀强度较大区域的春季植被盖度与风蚀量呈显著负相关(r>0.7,p<0.01),且近20年植被盖度提升有效降低了该区域的土壤风蚀。
英文摘要	Soil wind erosion is a major ecological environment problem in northern China. Xilingol League is located in the arid and semiarid areas. As one of the areas suffering from most serious wind erosion in northern China, its ecological environment is very fragile. Because of this environmental fragility, the area was included in the Beijing-Tianjin Dust Storms Sources Control Project that was officially approved by The State Council and implemented in 2002. In order to better understand the status of soil erosion and guide the regional desertification prevention, it is necessary to assess the variation of soil erosion and reveal the influences of weather and vegetation on soil erosion in Xilingol. In this study, based on wind speed, temperature, precipitation and other meteorology data, the normalized difference vegetation index, snow coverage and other remote sensing data, the Revised Wind Erosion Equation (RWEQ), which takes Newton’s first law of motion as the foundation, was applied to evaluate annual soil losses caused by wind erosion. The results show that: The average soil erosion in Xilingol League between 1990 and 2010 was 0.34 billion tons. The intensity of soil wind erosion is low in most parts of Xilingolthese areas were mainly concentrated in the eastern, central and southern areas, where vegetation coverage is higher, wind erosion forces is lower, and rainfall is abundant. The areas with medium and higher intensity of erosion were mainly distributed in the Hunshandac desert of Suninteyou Banner, Zhengxiangbai Banner and Zhenglan Banner, where the soil is highly prone to wind erosion. Since the 1990s, soil erosion in Xilingol showed a deceasing trend. The reduction of wind erosion intensity is related to the weakened wind energy and improved vegetation cover. Wind erosion forces is the main driving factor of wind erosionsoil erosion was significantly correlated with the wind erosion forces (r=0.95, p<0.05). Wind erosion in Xilingol occurred frequently in windy springs. At this time, the effect of soil erosion associated with low vegetation coverage is most significant. Soil erosion was significantly correlated with the spring vegetation coverage in regions of higher wind erosion forces (r>0.7, p<0.01). Increased vegetation coverage effectively reduced soil wind erosion of the region in the recent 20 years. Low vegetation coverage makes the prevention of soil erosion more difficult and improving the grassland condition, especially in the spring season, is the key to controlling wind erosion of the soil. The RWEQ model was mainly used in the farmlands of the United States and cannot be directly applied in the grassland areas of China. In order to better apply the model in grasslands, the soil particle content was converted into the US system, surface roughness was measured by the roller chain method and withered vegetation coverage (obtained by photos) was introduced to replace flat residues on the surface of the soil. Even so, more research is needed to solve problems such as the influence of relief on soil wind erosion, the determination of noneroding boundaries, among others.
中文关键词	土壤风蚀 ; RWEQ模型 ; 风蚀力 ; 植被盖度 ; 锡林郭勒盟
英文关键词	soil wind erosion RWEQ model wind erosion forces vegetation cover Xilingol League
类型	Article
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Geology
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5185144
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230916
作者单位	巩国丽, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101, 中国.; 刘纪远, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101, 中国.; 邵全琴, 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	巩国丽,刘纪远,邵全琴. 基于RWEQ的20世纪90年代以来内蒙古锡林郭勒盟土壤风蚀研究[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2014,33(6):825-834.
APA	巩国丽,刘纪远,&邵全琴.(2014).基于RWEQ的20世纪90年代以来内蒙古锡林郭勒盟土壤风蚀研究.地理科学进展,33(6),825-834.
MLA	巩国丽,et al."基于RWEQ的20世纪90年代以来内蒙古锡林郭勒盟土壤风蚀研究".地理科学进展 33.6(2014):825-834.