干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱半干旱区草原灌丛化研究进展

Arid

	干旱半干旱区草原灌丛化研究进展
其他题名	Advance in shrub encroachment in arid and semiarid region
	彭海英 1; 李小雁 2; 童绍玉 1
来源期刊	草业学报
ISSN	1004-5759
出版年	2014
卷号	23 期号:2 页码:313-322
中文摘要	干旱半干旱区草原生态系统中原生灌木/木本植物的植株密度、盖度和生物量增加的现象称为草原灌丛化,是全球干旱半干旱区草原面临的重要生态问题,灌丛化研究正成为陆地生态系统全球变化研究的重要领域。引起灌丛化的因素包括过度放牧、草原火、气候变化、大气CO_2浓度升高及生物和非生物环境因子的变化等,灌丛化是多种因素共同作用的结果。灌丛化过程表现为地表景观由草本植物占优势转向灌木植物占优势的植被转变过程,此过程改变了原有植物群落的物种组成和结构,增强了地表景观异质性,打破了原生态系统的光照、热量、水分、养分等的分配格局,灌丛斑块成为了灌丛化草地中水分、养分等相对富集的"肥岛"。目前灌丛化研究主要集中在具有强烈地域性和限制性的定点研究和因子控制实验等方面,未来应更多关注气候变化与灌丛化的相互联系和影响、草地生态系统对灌丛化过程的反馈以及与灌丛化的监测、缓解措施等方面的研究,模型模拟将是今后研究灌丛化发生、发展及灌丛化生态系统演替的重要方法和途径。
英文摘要	Shrub encroachment is the increase in density, cover and biomass of indigenous woody or shrubby plants in arid and semiarid grasslands, which become a great ecological problem in arid and semiarid region. It is one of the most important parts of research in the global change of terrestrial ecosystem. Shrub encroachment was resulted from the interactions of many factors including over grazing, fire, climate change, elevated atmospheric CO_2, changes about biotic and abiotic environment factors. Shrub encroachment could occurred a suddenly vegetation shift from a stable stage with grasses dominant to a stable stage with shrub dominant, with a great change in the composition and structure of plant community. The whole landscape fragmentation and heterogeneity increased in the processes of shrub encroachment. The light, heat, water and nutrients in ecosystem were redistributed with the establishment and development of shrub seedlings. Shrub patches gradually formed "fertile islands" with water and nutrients enrichment. The current studies about shrub encroachment were mainly concentrated on fixed-point research and factor controlled experiments with distinct locality and restrictions. We should pay more attention on the relationship of climate change and shrub encroachment, feedback of grassland ecosystem for shrub encroachment and research about strategies and countermeasures relative to shrub encroachment, model simulation might be one of important ways to study the occurrence and development of shrub encroachment even to predict the succession of ecosystem.
中文关键词	植被变化 ; 灌丛斑块 ; 草地斑块 ; 生态系统反馈 ; 扰动
英文关键词	vegetation shift shrub patches grass patches ecosystem feedback disturbance
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:5115652
来源机构	北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230865
作者单位	1.云南财经大学国土资源与持续发展研究所, 昆明, 云南 650221, 中国; 2.北京师范大学资源学院, 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室, 北京 100875, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	彭海英,李小雁,童绍玉. 干旱半干旱区草原灌丛化研究进展[J]. 北京师范大学,2014,23(2):313-322.
APA	彭海英,李小雁,&童绍玉.(2014).干旱半干旱区草原灌丛化研究进展.草业学报,23(2),313-322.
MLA	彭海英,et al."干旱半干旱区草原灌丛化研究进展".草业学报 23.2(2014):313-322.