干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 不同经济水平牧户草场植被特征比较

Arid

	不同经济水平牧户草场植被特征比较
其他题名	Vegetation Characteristics Comparison of Herders’ Pastures at Different Economic Levels in Desert Steppe, Inner Mongolia
	尹燕亭 1; 侯向阳 2; 运向军 2; 丁勇 2; 李西良 2
来源期刊	中国沙漠
ISSN	1000-694X
出版年	2013
卷号	33 期号:4 页码:1041-1047
中文摘要	以内蒙古荒漠草原家庭牧场为研究尺度,比较分析了不同经济水平牧户草场的植物群落特征,结果表明:主要植物种群的高度、盖度、密度、地上生物量、重要值及群落多样性指数均呈现出不同程度的趋同性。从社会学角度分析表明,牧区牧户的经济收入与饲养牲畜头数呈高度正相关。不同经济水平牧户草畜平衡的调整和适应能力不同,低经济水平牧户一般牲畜头数少,草场相对可使用面积大,经营意识薄弱,草场经常被有意或无意占用;中等经济水平牧户扩大饲养规模的愿望最为强烈,并积极通过围封、租借草场等方式来保护自家草场和扩大牲畜数量;高经济水平牧户则普遍采取常年租借草场、走场、购买饲草料等措施,减缓对自己草场放牧压力,同时保持畜饲养规模的维持和扩大。牧户存在调整适应行为,并会基于自己的草畜平衡标准,根据经济条件、草场面积、牲畜数量和对草场状况、放牧超载及效益的认知,适时通过草场流转和输入外部资源等方式,转移放牧压力,致使不同牧户草场生态状况趋于一致。
英文摘要	At the household scale, we analyzed the vegetation characteristics change of herders pastures at different economic levels in desert steppe. The results showed that all of the indicators showed different degrees of homogeneity. The reasons may be that the herders’ economic incomes are highly positively correlated with the number of livestock they own, and the herders of different economic levels have different adaptability to adjust the balance between animals and grass: the herders of low economic levels, mostly of whom are poor, generally have relatively lager areas of rangelands compared with less livestock, and their rangelands are often occupied intentionally or unintentionally with little payment; The herders of middle economic levels have a most strong desire to breed more livestock, who often protect their own pastures by enclosure, and expand the number of livestock through leasing other herders rangelands; The herders of high economic levels choose to lease rangelands, conduct "otor" and buy forage all the year to reduce the grazing pressure of their own pastures, and at the same time, maintain or even increase the number of livestock they own. Therefore, the paper indicated that there exists the adaptive behavior in herders’ production behavior, and according to the stocking rates they consider necessary, the herders often shift their rangelands’ gazing pressure by leasing pasture or buying forage. All these long-term behaviors result in different herders’ pastures vegetation characteristics’ homogeneity at different degrees.
中文关键词	荒漠草原 ; 经济水平 ; 牧户 ; 草畜平衡 ; 生产行为决策
英文关键词	desert steppe economic levels herders balance between animals and grass production decision behavior
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4895053
来源机构	兰州大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230627
作者单位	1.兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国; 2.中国农业科学院草原研究所, 呼和浩特, 内蒙古 010010, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	尹燕亭,侯向阳,运向军,等. 不同经济水平牧户草场植被特征比较[J]. 兰州大学,2013,33(4):1041-1047.
APA	尹燕亭,侯向阳,运向军,丁勇,&李西良.(2013).不同经济水平牧户草场植被特征比较.中国沙漠,33(4),1041-1047.
MLA	尹燕亭,et al."不同经济水平牧户草场植被特征比较".中国沙漠 33.4(2013):1041-1047.