干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 灌溉春玉米大喇叭口期光合特性及水分利用效率研究

Arid

	灌溉春玉米大喇叭口期光合特性及水分利用效率研究
其他题名	Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Big Trumpet Period Spring Corn by Irrigating
	蒋菊芳 1; 景元书 1; 王润元 2; 魏育国 3; 王鹤龄 1
来源期刊	中国农学通报
ISSN	1000-6850
出版年	2013
卷号	29 期号:27 页码:76-82
中文摘要	为了寻求在气候变化过程中保持作物产量不断增长,提高作物水分利用效率的地面灌溉节水与生物节水综合配套技术。通过分期播种和不同灌溉方式对大田春玉米进行试验,采用LI-6400便携式光合仪测定了石羊河流域灌溉区环境因子和春玉米大喇叭口期叶片光合生理指标和水分利用效率,分析了不同播期和不同灌溉方式对春玉米光合参数和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:滴灌、喷灌和漫灌3种灌溉方式中滴灌最有利于提高春玉米叶片的净光合速率(提高10%~21%)、气孔导度(提高33%~43%)和作物水分利用效率(提高12%~20%)。方差分析表明,不同播期对春玉米叶片净光合速率、气孔导度和水分利用效率影响较小,但第二播期的净光合速率较第一、三播期提高10%~20%、蒸腾速率提高20%~28%、气孔导度提高20%~28%。通过显著性相关分析,空气温度、大气CO_2浓度和光合有效辐射是影响滴灌叶片光合参数的主要环境因子,相关系数达0.810~0.986(P<0.05)。光合有效辐射和大气CO_2浓度是影响喷灌叶片光合参数的主要环境因子,相关系数达0.850~0.980(P<0.05)。空气湿度、温度和大气CO_2浓度是影响漫灌光合参数和水分利用效率的主要环境因子,相关系数达0.969~0.989(P<0.05)。滴灌也是最适宜于干旱区的抗旱、节水、节肥和增产的灌溉方式,3个播期中第二播期(4月20日谷雨前后)是当地最适宜于地膜春玉米播种的时期。
英文摘要	In order to maintain crop yield increasing and improve water use efficiency of crops, the surface irrigation water-saving and biological water-saving of integrated technology were studied in the climate change process. The field spring corn was tested by stages sowing and different irrigation methods. The environmental factors and big trumpet period spring corns photosynthetic physiology indexes, water use efficiency were measured by LI-6400 portable photosynthesis system in Shiyang River Basin. The effect of different sowing stages and different irrigation methods were analyzed on photosynthetic parameters and water use efficiency of spring corn. The results showed that: drip irrigation could improve the spring corn leaves net photosynthetic rate (10%-21%), stomatal conductance (33%-43%) and water use efficiency (12%-20%) of drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and flood irrigation in the 3 irrigation methods. Analysis of variance showed that different sowing date effected corn leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and water use efficiency was small. But the second sowing date of net photosynthetic rate than the first and three sowing date increased by 10%-20%, transpiration rate increased by 20%-28%, stomatal conductance increased by 20%-28%. By analyzing significant correlation, that the air temperature, atmospheric CO_2 concentration and photosynthetic active radiation which affected drip irrigations leaf photosynthetic parameters were major environmental factors, correlation coefficient of 0.810-0.986 (P<0.05). The photosynthetic active radiation and atmospheric CO_2 concentration which affected sprinkler irrigation leaf photosynthetic parameters were major environmental factors, correlation coefficient of 0.850-0.980 (P<0.05). The air humidity, temperature and atmospheric CO_2 concentration which affected flood irrigations photosynthetic parameters and water use efficiency were the main environmental factors, correlation coefficient of 0.969-0.989 (P<0.05). Drip irrigation was the most suitable for arid regions, which could combat drought, save water, save fertilizer and improve yield irrigation method. The second sowing date(April 20th "Guyu before and after") was the most suitable for spring corn sowing period of the three sowing dates.
中文关键词	光合特性 ; 春玉米 ; 水分利用效率 ; 灌溉方式 ; 大喇叭口期
英文关键词	photosynthetic characteristics spring corn water use efficiency irrigation methods big trumpet period
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4944568
来源机构	中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230520
作者单位	1.中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所, 甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室;;中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾开放实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730020, 中国; 2.南京信息工程大学应用气象学院, 南京, 江苏 210044, 中国; 3.甘肃省武威市气象局农业气象试验站, 武威, 甘肃 733000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	蒋菊芳,景元书,王润元,等. 灌溉春玉米大喇叭口期光合特性及水分利用效率研究[J]. 中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,2013,29(27):76-82.
APA	蒋菊芳,景元书,王润元,魏育国,&王鹤龄.(2013).灌溉春玉米大喇叭口期光合特性及水分利用效率研究.中国农学通报,29(27),76-82.
MLA	蒋菊芳,et al."灌溉春玉米大喇叭口期光合特性及水分利用效率研究".中国农学通报 29.27(2013):76-82.