干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析

Arid

	寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析
其他题名	Effects of Film Mulching and Fertilizations on Soil and Crop in Cold and Arid Region
	卜玉山; 李伟; 周秋香; 闫双堆; 胡学峰; 史晓凯; 马茹茹
来源期刊	中国农学通报
ISSN	1000-6850
出版年	2013
卷号	29 期号:3 页码:69-75
中文摘要	为了明确寒旱区不同地膜覆盖与不同施肥量的土壤和作物效应特点以及地膜覆盖增温和保水作用的相对重要性,采用二因素完全组合随机区组设计大田试验,分析比较了寒旱区宽窄幅普膜和降解膜与施肥的土壤水分、温度与作物生长和产量效应的差异。结果表明,宽、窄降解膜和普膜覆盖均有明显的增温保水作用,施肥也具有一定的增温保水作用。宽、窄降解膜和普膜覆盖玉米各生育时期均比CK明显提前,而施肥处理对玉米生育期无影响,覆盖处理对玉米生长发育的促进作用主要表现在生育前期,而施肥处理主要表现在生育中后期。不同覆盖处理显著增加了玉米产量和水分利用效率,且宽幅膜效果又显著好于窄幅膜,增产的原因主要是百粒重的显著增加,而施肥显著增产的原因是穗粒数和百粒重共同增加的结果。寒旱区限制玉米生长发育的主要因子是低温,地膜覆盖增产作用相对大于施肥,二者互作效应不显著。
英文摘要	In order to understand the effect characteristics of different mulching films and fertilization quantities on soil and crop and the relative importance of plastic film mulching on increasing soil temperature and conserving soil moisture in cold and arid region, a field experiment with randomized block design of two factors was employed to analyze and compare the effect differences of broad and narrow degradable films, broad and narrow ordinary plastic films, and fertilization quantity on soil moisture, soil temperature, maize growth and development, and maize yield. The results showed that broad and narrow degradable films and ordinary plastic films all had significant temperature-increasing and moisture-holding effects. Fertilization had certain temperature-increasing and moisture-holding effects too. The different maize growth stages were all earlier in the treatments mulched with broad and narrow degradable films and ordinary plastic films than that in CK, but fertilization did not affect maize growth stages. The promoting effect of mulching treatments on the maize growth appeared at the early stage of maize growth, but that of fertilization treatments mainly at the middle and later stages of maize growth. Mulching treatments significantly increased maize yield andWUE and broad film mulching treatments were significantly better than narrow film mulching treatments. The reason of mulching treatment increasing maize yield was mainly due to the increase of weight per hundred kernels, but the reason of fertilization treatment increasing maize yield was due to the increases of both kernel number per ear and weight per hundred kernels. The key factor of limiting maize growth and development was low temperature and the yield-increasing effect of film mulching was bigger than that of fertilization in cold and arid region. The interaction effect of film mulching and fertilization was not significant.
中文关键词	寒旱区 ; 地膜覆盖 ; 施肥 ; 土壤水分与温度 ; 玉米生长与产量
英文关键词	cold and arid region film mulching fertilization soil moisture and temperature the growth and yield of maize
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4891514
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230501
作者单位	山西农业大学资源环境学院, 太谷, 山西 030801, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	卜玉山,李伟,周秋香,等. 寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析[J],2013,29(3):69-75.
APA	卜玉山.,李伟.,周秋香.,闫双堆.,胡学峰.,...&马茹茹.(2013).寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析.中国农学通报,29(3),69-75.
MLA	卜玉山,et al."寒旱区地膜覆盖与施肥对土壤作物的效应分析".中国农学通报 29.3(2013):69-75.