干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 尼日利亚农林业发展与荒漠化防治探析

Arid

	尼日利亚农林业发展与荒漠化防治探析
其他题名	Analysis on Agriculture & Forestry Development and Desertification Combating in Nigeria
	满多清 1; 刘世增 1; 杨自辉 1; 马全林1 ; 孙国军 3; 徐新文
来源期刊	世界林业研究
ISSN	1001-4241
出版年	2013
卷号	26 期号:2 页码:82-87
中文摘要	尼日利亚南部紧邻几内亚湾，为热带雨林气候，北部与撒哈拉沙漠接壤，为稀树干草原。历史以来，有多条沙垄深入该国北部100~200 km，风沙土遍布，生态环境脆弱。近年来，森林因砍伐和烧荒以每年1.36%的速度消失，而沙化土地每年以35万hm~2的速度增加，荒漠化发展迅速，生态安全堪忧，气候旱化、人口增加、沙质地表及农林牧资源过度开发利用为主因。尼日利亚通过采取减少木材依赖型能源与工业、控制人口、草畜平衡、禁止开垦、环境意识与法制结合等对策与措施，提高土地生产力，逐步恢复稀树干草原，促进社会经济可持续发展和生态环境的良性循环。文中介绍了尼日利亚农林业发展现状、荒漠化与沙产业发展、荒漠化防治中存在的问题与对策，认为长期开展气候周期性变化对生物多样性与荒漠化关系影响研究以及成功地采用林木引种驯化、育苗造林、流沙垄固定、防护林营造、沙产业开发、适地适树等技术值得我国学习与借鉴。
英文摘要	The south of Nigeria is connected to Gulf of Guinea under tropical rainforest climate, and however, the north is near to the Sahara Desert with the savanna climate. Historically,several dune chains from Sahara extended to 100-200 km in the north region, and resultantly sandy land is distributed everywhere and the eco-environment there is fragile. In recent decades, forests there is disappearing at the speed of 1.36% annually as the result of cutting and burning, and desertification is increasing at the area of 350 000 hm~2 per year. In this context, eco-safety is in challenge. Its climate change, sandy land, increased population and over-use of natural resources are the main factors. In order to improve land productiveness, gradually restore the savanna and promote the socioeconomic sustainable development and virtuous recycling of eco-environment, some steps and strategies have been made and adopted, such as developing clean energy and industry with less dependence on timber, population control, grass and livestock balance, land reclamation limitation, and combination eco-awareness with law and regulations. The paper described the present situation of agriculture and forestry, desertification and deserticulture development, and problems and countermeasures arising in desertification combating. It pointed out the research on the influence of periodical climate change on biodiversity and desertification as well as the successful introduction and domestication of tree species, breeding and afforestation, flowing dune chains fixation, windbreak establishment, deserticulture development, afforestation at suitable land and other technologies are worth learning.
中文关键词	农林业现状 ; 荒漠化 ; 沙产业 ; 尼日利亚
英文关键词	agriculture and forestry situation desertification deserticulture Nigeria
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4829787
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 ; 兰州大学 ; 甘肃省治沙研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/230114
作者单位	1.甘肃省治沙研究所, 荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地, 兰州, 甘肃 730070, 中国; 2.非洲荒漠化防治咨询委员会, 利亚卡诺, 尼日 999062; 3.兰州大学, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	满多清,刘世增,杨自辉,等. 尼日利亚农林业发展与荒漠化防治探析[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 兰州大学, 甘肃省治沙研究所,2013,26(2):82-87.
APA	满多清,刘世增,杨自辉,马全林,孙国军,&徐新文.(2013).尼日利亚农林业发展与荒漠化防治探析.世界林业研究,26(2),82-87.
MLA	满多清,et al."尼日利亚农林业发展与荒漠化防治探析".世界林业研究 26.2(2013):82-87.