干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响

Arid

	盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响
其他题名	Effects of cultivation on soil salinity in upper soil profiles of the saline-alkali land
	周丽; 王玉刚; 李彦; 黄刚
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2013
卷号	36 期号:2 页码:285-291
中文摘要	以典型荒漠区原生盐碱荒地及开垦农田为研究对象,通过对比研究,以阐明原生盐碱荒地开垦后不同管理措施下土壤可溶盐总量的变化规律,开垦后土壤剖面中可溶盐总量的垂直分布和季节变化规律。结果表明:开垦显著降低了0~50 cm土壤的可溶性盐含量,开垦达100 a以上老耕地的可溶性盐含量(2.31 g/kg)仅为原生盐碱荒地(26.62 g/kg)的11%;长期的耕作改变了土壤可溶性盐分在土层中的分布,原生荒漠土壤盐分具有鲜明的表聚特征,0~30 cm土层的盐分含量占整个土壤剖面的79%,开垦50 a后,土壤中的盐分分布趋于均匀,各离子浓度的垂直分布不再明显;开垦使土壤中的盐分离子组成也发生了变化,Cl~-、K~+、Na~+离子浓度降低,而SO_4~(2-)、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)离子浓度增加,耕作层土壤由SO_4~(-2)-Cl~(-1)盐土转变为Cl~(-1)-SO_4~(-2)盐土;盐碱荒地土壤可溶盐浓度伴随着降水变化具有显著的季节变化特征,而季节对开垦耕地没有显著影响。总体而言,盐碱荒地经过多年开垦利用后,土壤可溶性盐分和pH值均显著降低。
英文摘要	The primary saline land in Xinjiang is mainly used for agriculture. Soil saline content pattern is an important factor affecting plant productivity after cultivation,it is also critical for the stability and sustainability of oasis ecosystem. In this study, the pattern was investigated of total soil soluble saline under different planting patterns in Sangong River basin. Then, the vertical distribution pattern was studied of total soil soluble saline in both primary saline land and cultivated saline land; At last, the seasonal pattern was studied of total soil soluble saline. Results showed that cultivation significantly decreased soil total dissolvable salt concentration at 0~50 cm layers, the longer the cultivation,the lower the contents of the soil soluble salt in soil. The total soil dissolvable salt concentration was 2.31 g/kg in cultivated land and 26.62 g/kg in primary soil salinize-alkalization, the former accounted to 11% of the later soil. Long term cultivation changed the vertical distribution of soil dissolvable salt along soil profile. In the primary saline desert land, the total dissolvable salt concentration showed an obvious trait of surface assemblage. The total dissolvable salt concentration at 0~30 cm soil layers took 79% to the whole soil profile, in contrast, after a cultivation history of 50 years, the salt distributed equally along the whole soil profile. In addition, the practices of cultivation also changed the composition of base ions, with a decreasing pattern of Cl~-,K~+,Na~+ concentrations and increasing pattern of SO_4~(2-),Mg~(2+),Ca~(2+)concentrations along the whole soil profile. As a consequence, the type of saline soil changed from SO_4~(2-)-Cl1-dominated soil to Cl~(1-)- SO_4~(2-) dominated soil. The soil dissolvable salt concentration in the natural salinization-alkalization soil showed a significant seasonal pattern which was accompanying the precipitation variation, while no difference was observed in the cultivated land among different seasons. This study indicated that keeping the soil water flow down the soil profile persistently is critical for the sustainable use of the natural salinization-alkalization soil.
中文关键词	新疆 ; 开垦 ; 盐分聚积 ; 盐分分布
英文关键词	Xinjiang cultivation salinity accumulation salinity distribution
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4832936
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/229512
作者单位	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周丽,王玉刚,李彦,等. 盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2013,36(2):285-291.
APA	周丽,王玉刚,李彦,&黄刚.(2013).盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响.干旱区地理,36(2),285-291.
MLA	周丽,et al."盐碱荒地开垦年限对表层土壤盐分的影响".干旱区地理 36.2(2013):285-291.