干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱绿洲农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和农艺特征的影响

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	干旱绿洲农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和农艺特征的影响
其他题名	Effects of salinization on soil physicochemical characteristics and agronomic traits in arid oasis
	王燕; 赵学勇; 赵哈林; 潘成臣
来源期刊	干旱地区农业研究
ISSN	1000-7601
出版年	2013
卷号	31 期号:3 页码:184-193
中文摘要	在河西走廊西部大田试验条件下,通过一个生长季的观测,分析研究农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和典型牧草(紫花苜蓿)和农作物(大麦)农艺性状、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明:(1)在0~20 cm土层,牧草土壤容重沿盐渍化梯度增加了3%,4.54%,8.62%,9.96%,农作物土壤容重没有明显变化规律;土壤有机质显著降低,且0~10 cm土层的降低速率快于10~20 cm土层;(2)盐渍化程度等于或高于中度盐渍化水平时,大麦植株的穗长、穗粒数和秸秆重受到显著影响;在开花、孕穗和灌浆期的盐度既会降低籽粒产量也降低秸秆产量。与农作物相比,盐渍化程度等于或高于轻度盐渍化水平时,牧草植株的株高、主侧枝长和主根直径会受到影响,进而导致牧草产量的降低。因此,在农业生产中,可根据两种作物在不同盐渍化梯度各生育期的受害状况进行相应的水盐调控和耕作管理,以实现盐渍化农田作物产量的维持和增加。
英文摘要	In attempt to study effects of farmland salinization on soil physicochemical properties and agronomic traits, dry matter accumulations and yields of one-growing-season of representative forage (Medicago sativa L.) and cereal (Hordeum vulgare L.) were studied in field conditions in Hexi Corridor of West China. The results showed that: (1) In the depth of 0~20 cm, along with the salinization gradients, soil bulk density in forage was increased by 3%, 4.54%, 8.62%, 9.96%, No soil bulk density change was observed in cereal, but its soil organic matter was significantly decreased, and the decrease rate in the depth of 0~10 cm was faster than that in the depth of 10~20 cm; (2) When soil salinity level equal to or higher than moderate salinization level, ear length, grain number and straw weight of barley plant weresignificantly affected. Salinity at flowering, early ear formation and grain-filling stages reduced both grain and straw yields. When soil salinity level equal to or higher than slightly salinization gradient, plant height, lengthof main and secondary branch, and tap root diameter of alfalfa plant weredecreased. In conclusion, based on the agronomic traits and the different impact of salinization on these two crops at different growth stages, water and salt need to be regulated and controlled and proper cultural practices need to beemployed to maintain, stabilize, and increase crop yield in saline environment.
中文关键词	盐渍化梯度 ; 土壤理化特性 ; 苜蓿 ; 大麦 ; 农业性状 ; 产量
英文关键词	salinization gradients soil physicochemical characteristics alfafal barley agronomic traits yield
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4867664
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/229480
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	王燕,赵学勇,赵哈林,等. 干旱绿洲农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和农艺特征的影响[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2013,31(3):184-193.
APA	王燕,赵学勇,赵哈林,&潘成臣.(2013).干旱绿洲农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和农艺特征的影响.干旱地区农业研究,31(3),184-193.
MLA	王燕,et al."干旱绿洲农田盐渍化对土壤理化特性和农艺特征的影响".干旱地区农业研究 31.3(2013):184-193.