干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律及其影响与对策研究

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	淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律及其影响与对策研究
其他题名	Studies on the Influence and Countermeasures of Drought and Occurrence Rule in Wheat Sowing Time in Huaibei Area
	戚尚恩 1; 张学贤 2; 孙义 1; 李德 1; 李秦 3; 王敏 3
来源期刊	中国农学通报
ISSN	1000-6850
出版年	2012
卷号	28 期号:21 页码:46-53
中文摘要	为了摸清淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律、影响程度,提出应对策略,依据小麦播期干旱的降水指标、小麦干旱灾害等级指标统计分析了宿州各地的干旱等级。通过采用多年滑动平均法等,研究淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生的频率、基本规律及分布状况。结果表明,淮北地区2/3以上的年份会出现小麦播期干旱,其中重旱至严重干旱中北部旱情重于南部;进入21世纪以来,旱情加重显著;小麦适播期干旱比短期干旱时段重,且自北向南增加的趋势明显;无论是短期干旱、中期干旱,还是秋冬连旱,2001年以来加重的趋势都较为突出。通过研究得知,造成小麦播期干旱的根本原因是降水偏少,能够形成旱灾的重旱及严重干旱平均5年一遇;针对20102011年秋冬连旱及对小麦生长发育的影响,分析了播期干旱对小麦各生育期的影响程度,长时间干旱时,严重影响后期产量的形成,平均减产20%以上。提出了精耕细作,科学利用底墒是防御干旱失墒的最好办法,入冬前适时灌溉,有利于小麦分蘖及根系发育,形成壮苗安全越冬,为小麦多成穗打下良好的基础。
英文摘要	In order to identify the drought occurrence regularity, the degree of influence in wheat seeding stage of Huaibei area and put forward the countermeasure to deal with, based on an analysis of the precipitation index, the grade of drought disasters was analyzed with the drought classification in Suzhou City. Through the sliding average method, the Huaibei area wheat seeding stage of drought occurrence frequency, basic rules and distribution were researched. The results showed that, over 2/3 of the years appeared drought in seeding stage in Huaibei area, the drought in north central was heavier than the southern part in the 21 century, the drought was serious than before, from north to south the seeding stage drought was heavier than short-term drought. Since 2001, the short-term drought, medium-term drought and autumn and winter continuous arid became more serious. Through the study, the fundamental reasons of the wheat seeding stage drought was lack of precipitation, the serious drought occurring once in 5-year. Based on the effects of 2010-2011 autumn and winter continuous arid on the development of wheat, analysis of the seeding stage drought on the influence degree of wheat in different growth stages, long time of drought would lead severe late effects on yield formation, the average yield would reduced 20%. The best way to defence drought was intensive cultivation and scientific utilization of soil moisture, irrigation before winter begins is conducive to wheat tiller and root growth could safely live through the winter, lay a good foundation for wheat had a higher ears.
中文关键词	小麦播期干旱 ; 淮北地区 ; 发生规律 ; 影响 ; 对策
英文关键词	drought in wheat sowing time Huaibei area occurrence rule influence countermeasure
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4683020
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/228936
作者单位	1.安徽省宿州农业气象试验站, 宿州, 安徽 234000, 中国; 2.安徽省宿州市气象局, 宿州, 安徽 234000, 中国; 3.安徽省宿州市埇桥区农业委员会, 宿州, 安徽 234000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	戚尚恩,张学贤,孙义,等. 淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律及其影响与对策研究[J],2012,28(21):46-53.
APA	戚尚恩,张学贤,孙义,李德,李秦,&王敏.(2012).淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律及其影响与对策研究.中国农学通报,28(21),46-53.
MLA	戚尚恩,et al."淮北地区小麦播期干旱发生规律及其影响与对策研究".中国农学通报 28.21(2012):46-53.