干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征及风沙活动观测

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	乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征及风沙活动观测
其他题名	Underlying surface characteristics and observation of blown-sand movement in Ulanbuh Desert along Bank of Yellow River
	杜鹤强; 薛娴; 孙家欢
来源期刊	农业工程学报
ISSN	1002-6819
出版年	2012
卷号	28 期号:22 页码:156-165
中文摘要	为明确乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征与风沙活动特点,该文对该地区的沙丘形态、粒度特征、风速、输沙率与风沙流结构及其相互关系进行了野外调查与室内分析。结果表明:研究区横向沙丘平均宽-高比约为12.75。沙丘表面平均粒径与分选系数呈现出由丘间地至落沙坡逐渐减小的趋势,偏度则呈现出增大趋势。沙丘各部位粒度累计分布曲线均为正偏、单峰态分布。在净风与起沙风环境下,仅丘间地与沙丘顶部风速廓线呈对数形式分布;迎风坡坡脚处风速廓线多呈幂函数分布;落沙坡与背风坡坡脚处风速廓线分布形式不统一。无论在高风能环境下还是低风能环境下,从丘间地至背风坡坡脚,沙丘断面近地表风速呈减小(至迎风坡坡脚),增大(迎风坡坡脚至丘顶),再减小(丘顶至落沙坡),再增大(落沙坡至背风坡坡脚)趋势。沙丘顶部是风沙活动最为强烈的部位,沙丘各部位90%以上的输沙量集中到10cm高度以下;沙丘各部位的风沙流结构均服从三次函数分布。最后,该文针对该区域下垫面与风沙活动的特点和危害,提出相应的防治对策,以期对该区域风沙危害的防治提供参考。
英文摘要	To understand the characteristic of the surface and the blown-sand movement of the Ulanbuh Desert along the Yellow River bank, the dune formations, sand particle granularity, sand flux and aeolian saltation structures were analyzed, and the results were displayed. 1) The rate of width to height of the transversal dunes in this area was about 12.75. 2) The mean sand particle diameter, sorting coefficient and skewness were decreased from the inter-dunes to the slip face; the grain size distribution on different positions of dune were all displayed positively biased and narrow unimodal. 3) Whether the wind speed exceed the threshold wind velocity, only the wind profile above the inter-dunes and that above the dune crest followed the logarithmic functions. In most of situations, the wind profile above the foot of stoss slope followed the power functions. The distributed functions of wind profile above the slip face and that above the foot of lee slope showed a chaotic situation. 4) In strong wind and gentle wind environment, the wind velocity were decelerated from the inter-dunes to the foot of stoss slope, accelerated from the foot of stoss slope to the dune crest, decelerated from the dune crest to the slip face again, and then accelerated from the slip face to the foot of lee slope. 5) More violent blown-sand movement displayed on the dune crest. More than 90% sand transport in aeolian saltation cloud concentrated below the height of 10 cm, and the profiles of aeolian cloud at different positions of dune followed the cubic functions. 6) There is a close feedback relationship existing between the surface and the blown-sand movement. At last, based on the observation, some suggestions for building proper aeolian hazard protection system in the Ulanbuh Desert along the Yellow River were proposed. This study can provide a reference for prevention of the aeolian hazard in this region.
中文关键词	风效应 ; 沙 ; 侵蚀 ; 沙丘形态 ; 粒度特征 ; 输沙率 ; 风沙流结构
英文关键词	wind effects sand erosion dune formations granularity of sand particles sand flux structures of aeoilan saltation cloud
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4678663
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/228355
作者单位	中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 中国科学院沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杜鹤强,薛娴,孙家欢. 乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征及风沙活动观测[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2012,28(22):156-165.
APA	杜鹤强,薛娴,&孙家欢.(2012).乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征及风沙活动观测.农业工程学报,28(22),156-165.
MLA	杜鹤强,et al."乌兰布和沙漠沿黄河区域下垫面特征及风沙活动观测".农业工程学报 28.22(2012):156-165.