干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 农业生产活动对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的影响

Arid

	农业生产活动对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的影响
其他题名	Effect of agricultural activities on soil moisture content at slopeland in hilly and gully region of Loess Plateau
	刘鑫 1; 宋献方 1; 张应华 1; 夏军 1; 张学成 2; 张兵 1
来源期刊	干旱区资源与环境
ISSN	1003-7578
出版年	2012
卷号	26 期号:5 页码:126-134
中文摘要	通过在坡度为20°耕地和荒草坡面对降水、土壤水密集观测,结合模拟降雨实验,从降雨入渗、蒸散发等过程分析讨论了影响黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的主要因素。结果表明:1)降雨入渗量△S主要受控于雨强和降雨量,坡耕地的入渗量随着雨强增加而衰减的速度快于荒坡,坡耕地有利于中等雨强大雨的下渗,雨强增大时两坡面的降雨转化率逐渐接近,且植被的再分配作用凸显,甚至使短历时暴雨时坡耕地的入渗速度低于荒坡,长历时的大、暴雨或连续降雨利于深层入渗,坡面耕作或在裸地上种植冰草后降雨转化率增约50%;2)7月~10月上旬为土壤水补给期,土壤水分在枯水年及平水年处于负平衡,在丰水年获得补给,最终以蒸散发消耗;3)荒地主要耗水层在20cm,耕地土壤水分活跃层及作物主要耗水层延伸至30cm。总体上,农作物增大蒸散发量、增加土壤水分利用深度,农业生产活动对减少降雨径流、增加土壤水资源量、强化水分小循环有重要作用。
英文摘要	The ecological and environmental recovery in hilly loess region of Loess Plateau is an important issue in the semi-arid Northwest China,where the agricultural activities has greatly affected the soil moisture conditions by influencing the hydrological processes as precipitation infiltration and soil water consumption.By intensively observing precipitation,soil moisture and soil water potential at 20°cropland and grassland,combining with simulation rainfall at runoff spots,we identified the effect of agricultural activities on soil moisture at slopeland from aspects of precipitation infiltration and evapotranspiration.The following conclusions have been summarized: 1) The infiltration amount of precipitation is determined by rainfall intensity and amount,and the infiltration amount at sloping cropland decreases faster than the wasteland under intensive precipitation.The agricultural cultivation at slopeland enhances the infiltration of median intensity rainfall,and during intensive storms,the soil water conversion coefficient declines to be close to that of wasteland and the role of vegetation on precipitation redistribution outstands so quickly that it even slows down the infiltration speed at sloping cropland.Long-duration heavy rainfall or rainstorms are beneficial to percolation.The agriculture cultivation at slopeland or planting at sloping bareland increases the soil water conversion coefficient by about 50%.2) Soil water storage decreases at normal year or dry year,and get recharge in wet year.The soil water mainly recovers during July and October,and eventually consumes by evapotranspiration.3) Both the active layer and dominant consumption layer of soil water at slopeland are deepened by 10cm to be 30cm layer after cultivation.In conclusion,agriculture activities at slopeland not only increases the evapotranspiration and utilization of soil water,but also obviously increases the soil water storage,so it is beneficial to increase soil water resources and to enhance local hydrological cycle.
中文关键词	黄土高原 ; 丘陵沟壑区 ; 坡耕地 ; 荒地 ; 土壤水 ; 农业生产活动 ; 天然降雨
英文关键词	Loess Plateau hilly loess region sloping cropland wasteland soil moisture agricultural activities precipitation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4520701
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/228102
作者单位	1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 中国科学院陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100101, 中国; 2.黄河水利委员会水文局, 郑州, 河南 450004, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	刘鑫,宋献方,张应华,等. 农业生产活动对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的影响[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2012,26(5):126-134.
APA	刘鑫,宋献方,张应华,夏军,张学成,&张兵.(2012).农业生产活动对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的影响.干旱区资源与环境,26(5),126-134.
MLA	刘鑫,et al."农业生产活动对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区坡地土壤水分动态的影响".干旱区资源与环境 26.5(2012):126-134.