干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 基于水热平衡原理的塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模分析

Arid

	基于水热平衡原理的塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模分析
其他题名	Suitable scale for oasis in lower reaches of Tarim River
	曹志超 1; 王新平2 ; 李卫红1 ; 叶朝霞 1; 郭斌 1
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2012
卷号	35 期号:5 页码:806-814
中文摘要	结合近40a水文气象资料,基于水热平衡原理,构建模型,分析和讨论了20世纪70、80、90年代以及2000年以来塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模与耕地面积,并结合相应不同时期的遥感影像,对各时期实际绿洲规模进行了比较。结果表明:近40a来,塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模和耕地规模趋于收缩,但2000年以后有所扩大;20世纪80年代的绿洲耕地面积与计算得出的适宜耕地规模基本平衡,之后严重超出绿洲承载能力,2009年超出幅度达1.22*10~4hm~2;耕地面积过大已导致塔里木河下游绿洲进入了不稳定状态,当前应采取措施适度缩小绿洲规模,并及时有效地控制耕地面积。
英文摘要	Based on the hydrologic and meteorological data of oasis of the lower reaches of the Tarim River in recent 40 years, using Hargreaves method and water-energy budget principle, the suitable oasis scale and cultivated area of 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and years since 2000 were discussed. Actual oasis size of each period was compared based on remote sensing image interpretation. The results show that: in the past 40 years, the reference crop evapotrans-poration of the lower reaches of the Tarim Rive had an increasing trend; it was 1 221 mm in the 1970s, but reached 1 299 mm during the period from 2000 to 2008. The suitable scale of oasis and cultivated area tended to shrink in the past 40 years, but it slightly expanded recently, the suitable scales of oasis were 12.77 * 10~4 hm2,9.89 * 10~4 hm2, 8.05 *10~4 hm~2 and 9.32 x 10~4 hm~2 during the 1970s, 1980s, 1990s and 2000 -2008, simultaneously, the cultivated area were 3.83 x 10~4 hm~2, 2.97 x 10~4 hm~2, 2.41 x 10~4 hm~2, 2.79 x 10~4 hm~2 in each period. They kept step with the change of water volume in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. As a whole, the actual size of the oasis tended to lessen, while the actual cultivated area remain increasing significantly. In the 1980s, the actual cultivated area kept balance with suitable cultivated size, but it seriously exceeded oasis carrying capacity later. Actual cultivated area was 1.22 x 104 hm2 larger than the suitable cultivated size in 2009. According to the research on the oasis stability, the oasis size and the proportion of cultivated area were more suitable in the 1970s and 1980s, However, the oasis of the lower reaches of the Tarim Rive turned to unstable state since the 1990s because of the oversize cultivated area, and it then showed accelerated decline. In order to slowdown the degradation speed of the oasis in the lower reaches of the Tarim Rive and keep its sustainable development, it is necessary to effectively control cultivated areas and properly lessen oasis size.
中文关键词	绿洲适宜规模 ; 水热平衡 ; 模型分析 ; 塔里木河下游
英文关键词	suitable scale of oasis water and energy budget principle model analysis the lower reaches of Tarim River
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4682454
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/228007
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.塔里木河流域管理局, 库尔勒, 新疆 841000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	曹志超,王新平,李卫红,等. 基于水热平衡原理的塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模分析[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2012,35(5):806-814.
APA	曹志超,王新平,李卫红,叶朝霞,&郭斌.(2012).基于水热平衡原理的塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模分析.干旱区地理,35(5),806-814.
MLA	曹志超,et al."基于水热平衡原理的塔里木河下游绿洲适宜规模分析".干旱区地理 35.5(2012):806-814.