干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): Guilspare施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响

Arid

	Guilspare施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响
其他题名	Effects of Guilspare~ requirement on soil evaporation and the vertical distribution of soil water and salt
	孙旭伟 1; 靳正忠 1; 徐新文1 ; 李生宇1 ; 谢致平 2; 孙聪 1; 张晓蕾 1; 谷峰 3; 邱永志 3
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2012
卷号	35 期号:2 页码:221-228
中文摘要	塔里木沙漠公路防护林生态工程全长436 km,位于极端干旱的塔克拉玛干沙漠,造林树种以抗逆性较强的沙拐枣属(Calligonum L.)、柽柳属(Tamarix L.)、梭梭属(Haloxylon Bunge)等优良防风固沙灌木为主,防护林植物的蒸腾耗水和灌溉管理是防护林可持续的核心问题。为探求适合塔里木沙漠公路防护林的节水技术,利用微型蒸渗仪研究了塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地咸水灌溉条件下Guilspare(浓度1.5%v/v)施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响。结果表明:(1)Guils-pare对土壤蒸发有显著影响,其施用量与累积蒸发量间呈对数关系。当施用量小于4.0 L/m2时,土壤日蒸发量在试验初期均表现为对照组(CK)大于处理组,试验中后期却相反;当施用量大于4.0 L/m2时,日蒸发量始终小于CK。(2)Guilspare施用量为6.0 L/m2的抑制效率最大,与其他处理(除7.0 L/m2)间差异达到显著水平(p﹤0.05)。(3)施用Guilspare对土壤蒸发第一阶段的蒸发强度有明显的减弱作用,其减弱程度与施用量的大小有密切关系,当施用量为6.0 L/m2时,蒸发强度最弱。(4)相同初始含水量条件下,表层土壤含水量和土壤浸提液电导率(除7.0 L/m2)均随着施用量的增大而变小;其他土层(除10~14 cm),两者均随着施用量的增大而变大。
英文摘要	The Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt,436 kilometers long,locates in the hinterland of such an extreme arid environment in the Taklimakan Desert.Its main afforested species are Tamarix L.,Calligonum arborescens,and Haloxylon ammodendron,which are good windbreak and sand-fixation trees with strong salt and drought resistance.The strong soil evaporation and capillarity make soil salts from irrigation move upwards with soil water and accumulate on soil surface gradually,even form salt crusts,and then soil evaporation and irrigation management become focuses of the shelterbelt sustainable development.In order to explore suitable water-saving techniques for the Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt,a simulative experiment with Micro-lysimeter(MLS) was conducted to research the effect of Guilspare under saline water irrigation on soil evaporation and vertical distribution of soil water and salts in the hinterland of Taklimakan Desert.In the study,a solution of 1.5 % v/v of the hydrophobic polymer Guilspare was sprayed to the aeolian soil surface at applied quantity of 0.5,1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0,6.0 and 7.0 L/m2,to text the inhibition on soil evaporation and effect on soil water and soil salt movement.The results show as follows:(1)Guilspare inhibits soil evaporation significantly and a logarithmic relationship was observed between its applied quantity and the accumulative soil evaporation,and at the quantity < 4.0 L/m2 the daily evaporation of the blank(CK) was higher than that of other treatments in the early days while lower in the later days,and at the quantity > 4.0 L/m2 the daily evaporation of CK was always more than the treatments;(2)the inhabitation of the treatment 6.0 l/m2 was maximum and differed from other treatments(7.0 L/m2 except) significantly at P < 0.05,and in addition,the maximum inhibition was not arrived in early days but on the 10th day after the irrigation beginning;(3)Guilspare weakened the evaporation intensity at first phase obviously,the weakened degree had close relations with applied quantity and was maximum at 6.0 l/m2;(4)Soil water and soil salinity are most important factors to limit sand-fixation trees growth.Therefore,soil moisture and soil electric conductivity of soil surface,0-2 cm,2-6 cm,6-10 cm and 10-14 cm soil layer were analyzed.According to analysis results,under the same initial moisture content,both the moisture and extract electrical conductivity(7.0 L/m2 except) decreased at the soil surface(0-2 cm) while increased at 2-6 cm and 6-10 cm soil layers with increasing Guilspare.Basically,the results are helpful for the development of high-efficient water saving irrigation techniques and the establishment of reasonable irrigation strategies,and provide scientific references for the greening and water management along the whole Tarim Desert Highway shelterbelt.
中文关键词	施用量 ; 土壤蒸发 ; 水盐垂直分布 ; 微型蒸渗仪
英文关键词	Guilspare requirement soil evaporation vertical distribution of soil moisture & salt Guilspare Micro-lysimeter
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4516541
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227988
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.中山大学生命科学学院, 广州, 广东 510275, 中国; 3.中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司, 库尔勒, 新疆 841000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	孙旭伟,靳正忠,徐新文,等. Guilspare施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2012,35(2):221-228.
APA	孙旭伟.,靳正忠.,徐新文.,李生宇.,谢致平.,...&邱永志.(2012).Guilspare施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响.干旱区地理,35(2),221-228.
MLA	孙旭伟,et al."Guilspare施用量对土壤蒸发和水盐垂直分布的影响".干旱区地理 35.2(2012):221-228.