干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾与气候特征

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	鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾与气候特征
其他题名	Characteristics of Drought Disasters and Climate in Ordos Plateau during the Qing Dynasty
	奚秀梅; 赵景波
来源期刊	地理科学进展
ISSN	1007-6301
出版年	2012
卷号	31 期号:9 页码:1180-1185
中文摘要	通过对鄂尔多斯高原地区文献资料的搜集整理,研究了该区清代旱灾等级、频次、周期和气候特征。结果表明,鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾频次较高,约0.34次/a,以轻、中度旱灾为主。该区旱灾的发生具有明显的阶段性,1701-1780年、1821-1845年和1876-1911年为多发阶段,1644-1700年、1781-1820年和1846-1875年为低发阶段。约90%的旱灾发生在春、夏季或春夏连旱。该区清代旱灾有7 a左右的短周期,23-29 a左右的中周期和54 a左右的长周期;各等级旱灾有准5 a短周期,特大旱灾的第1主周期是17 a。干冷多风的区域气候环境,以及农业活动是该区旱灾发生的两个主要原因。推测该区清代发生大旱灾和特大旱灾年份的年降水量约为200~250 mm,年蒸发量约为2400~2600 mm。该区清代气候可划分为6个阶段:1644-1700年1701-1780年1781-1820年1821-1845年1846-1875年1876-1911年,对应的年降水量特征为:多少多少多少,而蒸发量和风沙天气特征为:少多少多少多。确定1762-1766年、1875-1878年、1899-1902年为3个干旱气候事件,推测这3个干旱气候事件期间年平均降水量为230 mm左右,蒸发量为2500 mm左右,大风沙尘天气频繁。
英文摘要	Based on materials collection and analysis,this paper studies grades,frequency and periodicity of the drought disasters and characteristics of the climate in Ordos Plateau region during the Qing Dynasty.The results show that the drought frequency is relatively high in this region during the Qing Dynasty(averaged 0.34 times/ year,and most were mild and moderate drought events.This paper divides the Qing Dynasty into several phases according to the drought frequency in this region.The phases of frequent drought occurrences include 1701-1780,1821-1845 and 1876-1911.The phases of seldom droughts occurrence includes 1644-1700,1781-1820 and 1846-1875.About 90% of the drought disaster events were observed in spring and summer or from spring into summer.In different time scales,the cycles of drought disaster occurrences are respectively 7a,23a,29a and 54 a.Each grade of droughts has a short quasi-cycle of 5a and the extreme droughts of first principal cycle are 17a.The occurrence of the droughts had two main reasons.One was dry and windy regional climate environment,and the other was human agricultural activities leading to vegetation damage and land desertification.This paper infers that the annual rainfall is 200~250 mm,and that the annual evaporation is 2400~2600 mm in extreme and severe drought years.The Qing dynasty climate in this region can be divided into six stages which are 1644-1700,1701-1780,1781-1820,1821-1845,1846-1875 and 1876-1911,respectively,and the corresponding annual rainfall is much,little,much,little,much and little,respectively,while the characteristics of evaporation and sandstorm weathers are little,much,little,much,little and much,respectively.Whats more,this paper infers that 1762-1766,1875-1878,1899-1902 are three dry phases.During the three phases,the annual rainfall was about 230 mm,and the evaporation was about 2500 mm,with frequent windy dust weather and drying trend in the Ordos Plateau region.
中文关键词	旱灾 ; 等级 ; 干旱化 ; 小波分析 ; 鄂尔多斯高原
英文关键词	drought grade drying trend wavelet analysis Ordos Plateau
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES ; HISTORY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology ; History
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4631703
来源机构	陕西师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227853
作者单位	陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安, 陕西 710062, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	奚秀梅,赵景波. 鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾与气候特征[J]. 陕西师范大学,2012,31(9):1180-1185.
APA	奚秀梅,&赵景波.(2012).鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾与气候特征.地理科学进展,31(9),1180-1185.
MLA	奚秀梅,et al."鄂尔多斯高原地区清代旱灾与气候特征".地理科学进展 31.9(2012):1180-1185.