干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 中国西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季的热力输送

Arid

	中国西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季的热力输送
其他题名	Summer heat transfer over a Gobi underlying surface in the arid region of Northwest China
	周德刚 1; 黄刚 1; 马耀明 2
来源期刊	大气科学学报
ISSN	1674-7097
出版年	2012
卷号	35 期号:5 页码:541-549
中文摘要	以敦煌戈壁站2004年6月和2008年8月的常规观测和超声观测为例,分析了西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季热力输送的一般过程及特征。首先评价了湍流通量的观测质量以及仪器观测的地表能量通量闭合问题,结果表明敦煌戈壁站的观测在白天总体较好。夏季地表能量通量的平均日变化显示,潜热通量整天都很小,可以忽略,白天到达地表的短波辐射以及地表向上的长波辐射非常强,地表净辐射主要转化为感热输送(敦煌戈壁站在中午时平均分别达380 W·m ~(-2)以上和250 W·m ~(-2)以上);夜间土壤释放热量以平衡地表的辐射冷却,感热通量略低于0。白天时地表大气经常触发自由对流活动,影响动量通量的观测质量,并有效输送地表热力至上层大气中,有助于形成超厚大气边界层。分析了戈壁下垫面的动量粗糙度特征和热力粗糙度特征(敦煌戈壁站动量粗糙度约为0.6 mm),热力粗糙度基本小于动量粗糙度一个量级,这符合目前对干旱区戈壁下垫面热力输送特征的初步认识。
英文摘要	Using the routine meteorological measurements and supersonic measurements at Dunhuang Gobi site in June 2004 and August 2008 as an example,This paper analyses the general process of summer heat transfer and its characteristics over a Gobi underlying surface in the arid region of Northwest China.Observation qualities of turbulent fluxes and measured surface energy closure are first evaluated,indicating that the system in the site measures well during the daytime overall.The typical diurnal variations of surface energy fluxes in summer show that the latent heat flux is generally little and can be ignored.In the daytime,both downward solar radiation and upward longwave radiation near surface are strong,and surface net radiation is mainly transformed into sensible heat flux(e.g.,mean surface net radiation and sensible heat flux at noon at Dunhuang Gobi site can reach more than 380 W·m ~(-2) and 250 W·m ~(-2),respectively).Soil releases energy to balance surface radiation cooling in the nighttime,and sensible heat flux is a little less than 0.The frequently occurred free convection activity near-ground is found in the daytime,which influences the observation quality of momentum flux.It can effectively transfer near-ground heat into upper air and contributes to the super depth of the atmospheric boundary layer.The characteristics of momentum roughness length and thermodynamic roughness length over the Gobi surface are further researched.The momentum roughness length at Dunhuang Gobi site is determined as 0.6 mm.The thermodynamic roughness length is an order of magnitude lower than the momentum roughness length,which agrees with the primary understanding of thermodynamic transport characteristics over the arid region.
中文关键词	戈壁下垫面 ; 热力输送 ; 湍流通量 ; 地表粗糙度
英文关键词	Gobi surface thermodynamic transport turbulence flux surface roughness length
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4668352
来源机构	中国科学院大气物理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227823
作者单位	1.中国科学院大气物理研究所, 北京 100029, 中国; 2.中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 北京 100085, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	周德刚,黄刚,马耀明. 中国西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季的热力输送[J]. 中国科学院大气物理研究所,2012,35(5):541-549.
APA	周德刚,黄刚,&马耀明.(2012).中国西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季的热力输送.大气科学学报,35(5),541-549.
MLA	周德刚,et al."中国西北干旱区戈壁下垫面夏季的热力输送".大气科学学报 35.5(2012):541-549.