干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地群落结构特征研究

Arid

	青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地群落结构特征研究
其他题名	Community characteristics of cold-season and warm-season grazing grasslands in Huangyuan,Qinghai,China
	颜增霞 1; 张鹏莉 1; 吕杰 1; 陈俊 1; 李淑霞 2; 贾建华 2
来源期刊	西北农林科技大学学报. 自然科学版
ISSN	1671-9387
出版年	2011
卷号	39 期号:8 页码:39-44,50
中文摘要	[目的]探讨青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地植被的物种组成、物种多样性及空间分布等植物群落特征的基本变化规律,以期为我国西部干旱、半干旱天然草原以及高寒草甸草原物种多样性的恢复、生产力的提高及山地草甸草原生态系统的保护提供参考。[方法]于2009-08-16-19进行野外调查,首先在冷、暖季放牧草地内有代表性的地段上各拉1条50 m的样线,然后沿着样线摆放100个50 cm50 cm的大样方,再将每个大样方细分为4个25 cm25 cm的小样方,记录小样方内出现的植物种,统计植物种数,采用beta-二项分布模型进行数据解析,计算冷、暖季放牧草地植物种的出现频率、物种多样性指数和空间异质性指数。[结果](1)检验结果表明,冷、暖季放牧草地的主要组成植物种对beta-二项分布模型具有很好的吻合性。(2)冷季放牧草地的总物种数比暖季放牧草地多6种,冷季放牧草地大样方内的平均物种数、物种多样性指数均极显著高于暖季放牧草地。(3)在暖季实施围栏封育的冷季放牧草地,草地早熟禾(Poa pratensis)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)、小嵩草(Kobresia pygmaea)等优质牧草增加,而在暖季放牧草地,草地退化的标志性植物鹅绒萎陵菜(Potentilla anserina)和车前(Plantago asiatica)成为主要优势种,物种多样性降低。(4)冷季放牧草地的群落整体空间异质性高于暖季放牧草地。[结论]在暖季实施围栏封育而在冷季进行放牧利用的冷季放牧草地物种数、物种多样性、空间异质性增加,优质牧草种类增加,所以在生产实践中,应尽量避开牧草的生长季节而实行冷季放牧。
英文摘要	[Objective]The experiment was conducted in the warm-season and cold-season grazing grasslands in Huangyuan,Qinghai.We obtained information on the fundamental differences in community characteristics,such as vegetation composition,species diversity,and species spatial distributions,under two different grazing conditions in a montane meadow.We hope that the study can contribute to the recovery of species diversity and productivity gains of natural grasslands in the arid,semi-arid areas,and alpine meadows of western China in addition to providing protection for the montane meadow ecosystems is one of our aims.[Method]Field surveys were conducted from August 16 to 19,2009.First,we established a survey plot with 100 quadrats of 50 cm*50 cm along a 50 m transect in the grasslands and divided each of these quadrats into four small quadrats;then,we recorded all plant species within each small quadrat,the total number of plants,analyzed the data by the beta-binomial distribution model,calculated the occurrence frequency of plant species and the index of both species diversity and spatial heterogeneity in the cold-season and warm-season grazing grasslands.[Result](1)The chi-square test showed that both warm-season and cold-season surveys fitted the beta-binomial distribution model very well and that the data could be analyzed using this method.(2)Six more species were found in the cold-season grazing grassland than in the warm-season grazing grassland.In the cold-season grazing grassland,the average number of species and species diversity index within the quadrats was significantly higher than that in the warm-season grazing grassland.(3)In the cold-season grazing grassland,Poa pratensis,Elymus nutans,Kobresia pygmaea,and other high-quality forage species increased,due to protection by fencing,while in the warm-season grazing grassland,degraded species such asPotentillaanserinaandPlantagoasiaticabecame dominant and species diversity decreased.(4)Overall,the spatial heterogeneity in the cold-season grazing grassland was higher than that in the warm-season grazing grassland.[Conclusion]In the cold-season grazing grassland,due to protection by fencing,the average number of species,species diversity,spatial heterogeneity and quality forage species all increased,so it is better to graze in the cold-seasoning but not in the grass growing season in the production practice.
中文关键词	放牧草地 ; beta-二项分布 ; 物种多样性 ; 空间异质性
英文关键词	grazing grassland beta-binomial distribution species diversity spatial heterogeneity
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4280998
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227220
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学动物科技学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.青海省湟源县畜牧局, 湟源, 青海 812100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	颜增霞,张鹏莉,吕杰,等. 青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地群落结构特征研究[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2011,39(8):39-44,50.
APA	颜增霞,张鹏莉,吕杰,陈俊,李淑霞,&贾建华.(2011).青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地群落结构特征研究.西北农林科技大学学报. 自然科学版,39(8),39-44,50.
MLA	颜增霞,et al."青海湟源冷、暖季放牧草地群落结构特征研究".西北农林科技大学学报. 自然科学版 39.8(2011):39-44,50.