干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和再分配的影响

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	毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和再分配的影响
其他题名	Effects of Biological Soil Crust on Water Infiltration and Redistribution in the Mu Us Sandland,Inner Mongolia,Northern China
	熊好琴 1; 段金跃 2; 王妍 1; 张新时 3
来源期刊	水土保持研究
ISSN	1005-3409
出版年	2011
卷号	18 期号:4 页码:82-87
中文摘要	生物结皮的发育影响着干旱半干旱区小尺度土壤水文过程。对两种自然降雨条件下(降雨量为8.5 mm和 14.8 mm)的3种放牧管理类型(持续放牧地、围栏5 a禁牧区、围栏15 a禁牧区)有、无生物结皮土壤的降雨入渗速率和再分配规律进行了测定。结果如下:(1)入渗速率禁牧5 a和禁牧15 a样地的有结皮土壤的入渗速率极显著低于无生物结皮土壤。持续放牧样地上,生物结皮发育很差,其对土壤的入渗速率无显著影响。(2)入渗深度自然降雨为8.5 mm的次日在持续放牧区能入渗到15~20 cm,而在禁牧5 a和禁牧15 a围栏区仅能入渗到10~15 cm。自然降雨为 14.8 mm的次日在持续放牧区能入渗到30~40 cm,在禁牧5 a和禁牧15 a围栏区能入渗到20~25 cm。在无雨条件下,禁牧15 a围栏区50 cm以下土壤水分状况较禁牧5 a和持续放牧区更差。测定结果表明:生物结皮的形成降低了水分的入渗速率和自然降雨的下渗深度,使下渗水分减少,渗透深度变浅,由此可见当地高频率(84.6%)的小降雨(<10 mm)事件只能对浅根系的草本有效,这将使得草本植物生长旺盛而深根系半灌木油蒿生长不良,逐渐衰退。
英文摘要	In arid and semiarid environments,microbiotic soil crust on the soil surface plays the major role in ecosystem processes,particularly in soil water flows,and therefore,is very important for landscape structure and function.In this paper,we examined three grazing treatments such as continuous year-long livestock grazing (grazing),grazing excluded for 5 years (5-yr exclosure)and grazing excluded for 15 years (15-yr exclosure),the effects of soil crust on water infiltration and redistribution were analyzed.The water infiltration rate for both in 5-yr and 15-yr exclosures is as follows:bare area>soil with microbiotic crust,which showed that the presence of microbiotic soil crust reduced infiltration.The microbiotic soil crust cover had a significant negative influence on the infiltration for rainfall events (<14.8 mm),restricting the infiltration depth to less than 40 cm and increasing soil moisture content just beneath the soil profile of 40 cm,whereas it was not as strong or clear for larger rainfall events.The high frequencies (84.6%)of small rainfall events (<10 mm)in the Mu Us Sandland and the inhibition effect on rainfall infiltration caused by the microbiotic soil crust result in the decreased soil moisture in deeper soil layers,which makes deep-rooted subshrubArtemisia ordosicadecline and facilitates shallow-rooted herbaceous species.These encouraging results imply that grazing exclusion may be efficient to reduce the existingArtemisiaencroachment and facilitate the recovery toward the potential climax steppe grassland in the Mu Us Sandland
中文关键词	生物结皮 ; 入渗 ; 土壤含水量 ; 植被演替
英文关键词	biological soil crust infiltration soil moisture vegetation succession
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4285900
来源机构	中国科学院植物研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227122
作者单位	1.西南林业大学环境科学与工程系, 昆明, 云南 650224, 中国; 2.昆明冶金高等专科学校建工学院, 昆明, 云南 650033, 中国; 3.中国科学院植物研究所, 中国科学院植被与环境变化国家重点实验室, 北京 100093, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	熊好琴,段金跃,王妍,等. 毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和再分配的影响[J]. 中国科学院植物研究所,2011,18(4):82-87.
APA	熊好琴,段金跃,王妍,&张新时.(2011).毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和再分配的影响.水土保持研究,18(4),82-87.
MLA	熊好琴,et al."毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和再分配的影响".水土保持研究 18.4(2011):82-87.