干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 荒漠草原绿洲化过程中灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征

Arid

	荒漠草原绿洲化过程中灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征
其他题名	Summer Salinization Characteristics of Irrigated Corn Cropland During Oasisization of Desert Steppe
	杨新国; 宋乃平; 刘秉儒; 安慧; 何秀珍
来源期刊	水土保持学报
ISSN	1009-2242
出版年	2011
卷号	25 期号:4 页码:94-99
中文摘要	在地处宁夏中部荒漠草原区的红寺堡扬黄灌区,选取不同利用年限的灌溉玉米地,以临近的未利用地为对照,对其夏季含盐量及盐离子组分变化规律、剖面分布类型、时空相关性及其碱化特征进行了系统分析。结果表明,在退化草地转化成灌溉农田的过程中,土壤夏季含盐量剖面分布变化依次为表聚型、均匀型(震荡型)和底聚型。未利用地0-60 cm土层总含盐量6.0,耕种8年后只有2.25,表层(0-20 cm)的总盐含量降幅高达80.2%。未利用地盐分表聚特征主要由氯离子、镁离子、钙离子和钾离子决定,其浓度随利用年限的变化表现较为平稳,剖面分布以均匀型为主,而硫酸根离子和钠离子底聚特征明显。相对未利用地,重碳酸根离子是唯一全剖面出现明显增加的离子类型。离子间显著相关关系多集中于0-40 cm土层发生,相关格局随利用年限发生明显变化,8年玉米地重碳酸根离子和钠离子正相关、钙离子与钠离子以及重碳酸根离子间负相关关系凸显。土壤碱化表现出明显的阶段性发生(2年玉米地)和下迁富集发生(40-80 cm)特征,8年玉米地含盐量和碱化度同步显著下降,土壤盐渍化整体逆转。灌溉玉米地土壤含盐量与碱化度显著正相关,未利用地含盐量与碱化度则呈现两极化分布趋势。灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征受土壤-植物的相互作用控制,蒸发积盐、蒸腾积盐与灌溉脱盐作用并存,盐离子分化明显,土壤盐化和碱化时空同步变化,但是总碱度居高不下依然是威胁土壤环境健康的潜在因素。
英文摘要	The soil of irrigated corn croplands with different farming years,in Hongsibu yang-huang irrigation area in Ningxia central profiles (degenerated desert steppe),were sampled and tested to analysis their evolution,profiles distribution,space-time correlation for the salt contents and salt ions and the basification characters in summer.During the oasisization of desert steppe,the profiles distribution of soil salt contents changed from surface-gathering,to uniformity or vibration,at last to bottom-gathering ones.The total salt contents of 0-60 cm soil profiles was 6.0for the unused lands,however,the contents dropped to 2.25 for the 8-year corn-land with 80.2% drops at the surface soil (0-20 cm).The surface-gathering of soil salt contents for the unused lands was mainly controlled by the ions of Cl~-,Mg~(2+),Ca~(2+),and K~+,their contents less changed and kept uniformity profiles-distribution during the oasisization of desert steppe,but the ions of SO_4~(2-)and Na~+mainly enriched at the bottom.Compared with the unused lands,HCO_3~-was the only ion to increase markedly at the whole soil profiles (0-80 cm).The correlation among different ions occurred mainly at the 0-40 cm soil profiles,with marked changes during the oasisization of desert steppe,especially,the positive correlations between HCO_3~-and Na~+,the negative ones among Ca~(2+),HCO_3~-and Na~+,occurred only for the 8-year corn-lands.The soil basification put up of typical phased (2-year corn-lands)and bottomgathering (40-80 cm soil profiles)occurring characters,and the salinization for 8-year corn-lands were whole reversed with in-phase dropping of TS and basification degrees (ESP).There were markedly positive correlations between the TS and ESP for the irrigated corn-lands,however,the relation for the unused lands disappeared,with the polarization of surface salinazition and bottom basification.In conclusion,the salinization characters of irrigated corn-lands are controlled by the reciprocity between soils and plants,with the together acts of evaporation,transpiration and irrigation,the soil salinization and basification change in-phase in spacetime scales,however,the total soil basicity still in higher levels potentially threatens the soil environment health.
中文关键词	土壤盐渍化 ; 盐离子组成 ; 扬黄灌区 ; 绿洲化 ; 玉米
英文关键词	salinization salt ion Yanghuang irrigation area oasiszation corn
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4309903
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227086
作者单位	西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地, 西北土地退化与生态恢复国家重点实验室培育基地;;西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室, 银川, 宁夏 750021, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	杨新国,宋乃平,刘秉儒,等. 荒漠草原绿洲化过程中灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征[J],2011,25(4):94-99.
APA	杨新国,宋乃平,刘秉儒,安慧,&何秀珍.(2011).荒漠草原绿洲化过程中灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征.水土保持学报,25(4),94-99.
MLA	杨新国,et al."荒漠草原绿洲化过程中灌溉玉米地土壤夏季盐渍化特征".水土保持学报 25.4(2011):94-99.