干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价

Arid

	青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价
其他题名	Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Health in the Source Region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers of Qinghai Province
	贾慧聪 1; 曹春香 1; 马广仁 2; 鲍达明 2; 武晓波 1; 徐敏 1; 赵坚 1; 田蓉 1
来源期刊	湿地科学
ISSN	1672-5948
出版年	2011
卷号	9 期号:3 页码:209-217
中文摘要	湿地生态系统健康评价是湿地保护的基础,对提高湿地生态环境管理水平具有重要的指导作用。以青海省三江源地区为研究区,采用Landsat ETM＋遥感影像为主要数据源,提取湿地信息。基于压力状态响应 (PSR)模型,构建三江源地区湿地健康的综合评价指标体系;运用层次分析法和地理信息系统空间分析技术,对三江源地区的湿地健康状况进行评价。研究结果表明,三江源地区湿地生态系统健康等级的整体分布呈现由东南向西北降低的趋势,这主要是由压力状态响应三者综合作用的结果。三江源地区大部分湿地是健康湿地;很健康的湿地位于东部和中部,其面积为3 602 km~2,占湿地总面积的14.92%;健康的湿地多位于中西部,其面积为9 043 km~2,占湿地总面积的37.47%;亚健康的湿地多位于中东部,其面积为5 930 km~2,占湿地总面积的24.57%;不健康和病态的湿地主要分布在西北部的治多县、曲麻莱县和唐古拉乡境内,其面积分别为4 817km~2和744 km~2,分别占湿地总面积的19.96%和3.08%。三江源地区的西北部受人类活动影响较大,湿地生态系统较脆弱,应加强对该区域湿地的生态环境保护和科学管理。
英文摘要	Assessment of wetland ecosystem health is the basis for wetland conservation,has an important role in guiding how to improve the management level of wetland ecological environment.As the worlds unique large-area alpine wetland,the source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers of Qinghai province is the ecological barriers of ecological environmental security and regional sustainable development for the middle and lower reaches of rivers in China and Southeast Asian countries.In this paper,taking the source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers of Qinghai province as the study area,Landsat ETM+remote sensing image data,meteorological data,DEM data,population data,GDP data,transportation,rivers, soil erosion and NPP data were the main data sources to extract the wetland distribution information.Based on pressure-state-response(PSR)conceptual model,integrated assessment index system of wetland health in the source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers of Qinghai province was constructed.Taking 1 km* 1 km grid as the basic assessment unit,according to the needs of assessment model,combined with mathematical statistics and mathematical modeling methods,the necessary indicators of the wetland ecosystem health assessment were got.Then,according to the regional characteristics of the source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers,by the use of AHP and GIS spatial analysis techniques,the health status of wetland in the region was assessed and mapped.With the reference to previous practice and the characteristics of various types of wetlands in the study area,the wetland ecosystem health levels of the region were established.Set 5 ranges of health standards to describe the corresponding wetland health status,which are very healthy, healthy,sub-healthy,unhealthy and sick.The results showed that the health levels of the wetlands ecosystem in the region decreased from southeast to northwest,which was combined effected by the pressure-state-response.Most of the wetlands in the region were healthy,which mainly located in the central and western parts of the region,accounting for 37.47%of the total area of the wetlands.The wetlands in eastern and central parts of the region were very healthy,and their area was 3 602 km~2,accounting for 14.92%of the total area. Sub-healthy wetlands in the region were mainly located in the central and eastern parts,their area was 5 930 km~2,accounting for 24.57%of the total area.Unhealthy and sick wetlands in the region were mainly located in northwest part,accounting for 19.96%and 3.08%of the total area respectively,which were affected by higher human pressure in this area,the vulnerable wetlands state,and strongly land degradation respond.The irrational human production activities,such as over-grazing and dewatering of the marshes,led to wetland degradation,water and soil loss and serious desertification.High fragile ecological environment,severe soil freeze-thaw erosion and opening of the Qinghai-Tibet railway have brought pollution pressure to the environment,making the regions wetlands in unhealthy and sick states.In addition,the relative variability of regional precipitation fluctuations,the decreasing water supply for the wetlands in the dry period,which result to decreasing surface runoff and declining groundwater levels,make the regions wetland ecosystems more vulnerable.Therefore,these areas should be strengthened on protection and scientific management of the wetlands.
中文关键词	三江源地区 ; 湿地 ; 健康评价 ; 压力状态响应模型 ; 遥感 ; 地理信息系统
英文关键词	the source region of Yangtze,Yellow and Yalu Tsangpo Rivers wetland health assessment pressure-state-response conceptual model remote sensing geographic information system
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4336118
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/227013
作者单位	1.中国科学院遥感应用研究所, 中国科学院遥感科学国家重点实验室, 北京 100101, 中国; 2.国家林业局湿地保护管理中心, 北京 100714, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	贾慧聪,曹春香,马广仁,等. 青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价[J],2011,9(3):209-217.
APA	贾慧聪.,曹春香.,马广仁.,鲍达明.,武晓波.,...&田蓉.(2011).青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价.湿地科学,9(3),209-217.
MLA	贾慧聪,et al."青海省三江源地区湿地生态系统健康评价".湿地科学 9.3(2011):209-217.