干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价

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	塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价
其他题名	Soil quality assessment of continuous cropping cotton fields for different years in a typical oasis in the upper reaches of the Tarim River
	贡璐 1; 张海峰 1; 吕光辉1 ; 杜东伟 2
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2011
卷号	31 期号:14 页码:4136-4143
中文摘要	以塔里木河上游阿拉尔垦区为典型样区,选择0、3、8、12、20、30 a等不同连作年限棉田为研究对象,综合考虑土壤物理、化学和生物学性质,分析了12个土壤理化及酶活性指标;基于因子分析和聚类分析法评价棉田间土壤质量的差异并划分等级,利用产量持续指数验证评价结果。研究表明:不同连作年限的棉田土壤的理化性质和酶活性均存在一定差异;棉田的土壤质量随年限呈先上升后下降的趋势,8、12 a棉田土壤质量相对较高,20、30 a土壤质量有退化趋势;土壤质量评价值与产量持续指数变化趋势一致,后者略显滞后效应。
英文摘要	Cotton production plays an important role in the local economy of Xinjiang,China.According to traditional theory,long-term continuous cotton cropping will inevitably lead to unbalance in soil nutrients and diminish soil fertility.In 2008,soil samples,as 0-20 cm layers,were collected from native land(without cultivation,as a control)and five continuous cropping cotton fields,with different cultivation times(3,8,12,20 and 30 years,respectively).Based on the analysis of seven physical and chemical properties:soil water content,bulk density,pH,organic matter,total N,available P,and available K,and five soil enzymatic activities:catalase,polyphenol oxidase,urease,invertase,and alkaline phosphatase,this study attempts to evaluate soil quality across continuous cropping cotton fields for different years in the Aler reclamation area of the upper reaches of the Tarim River.The soil quality assessment values(SQAV)were visualized using principal component analysis(PCA),and the soil quality grades were classified with a clustering diagram.The sustainable yield indexes(SYI)were calculated to verify the evaluated results.The results show that there are differences,in terms of the physical,chemical and enzymatic properties,between the continuous cropping cotton fields for the different years,and that continuous cropping of cotton has a significant influence on a number of soil properties.Soil quality initially increased,but then decreased gradually with continuous cropping.The soil quality in continuous cropping cotton fields at 8 and 12 years improved,but was degraded for 20 and 30 years.In the early stages,soil fertility increased through fertilization,irrigation and growth,and soil organic matter,nutrients and enzymatic activity subsequently rose,and soil quality improved.Cropped cotton fields at 3 years exhibited the lowest soil quality.Indicator values and the soil quality assessment values reached their maximum at 12 years.With continuous cotton cropping,soil quality gradually dropped in a monoculture pattern over a long period.Organic matter levels declined significantly,along with total N,polyphenol oxidase,invertase and alkaline phosphatase.Soil ecosystems undergo a series of degradation stages,and the soil texture was appeared to be transforming into brown desert soil.The soil quality assessment values decreased from 0.633 to 0.068 between 12 and 30 years.Different land use intensities and cropping patterns would significantly impact the soil quality,and extended cultivation for more than 10 years may also cause a decline in soil quality,to a varying degree,with unreasonable tillage practices.Soil quality values were consistent with sustainable yield indexes,but the latter lagged the former appreciably.Therefore,management practices need to consider increasing soil quality through irrigation,cotton-green manure usage,crop rotation and the combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers.This study could be beneficial for refining a sustainable agricultural development in the oasis.It is recommended that studies into the soil quality of arid lands be focused on defining a Minimum Data Set(MDS),with the aid of multivariate statistical techniques and an analysis of the relationships between different soil factors.
中文关键词	土壤质量 ; 连作棉田 ; 绿洲 ; 塔里木河上游
英文关键词	soil quality continuous cropping cotton field oasis upper reaches of the Tarim River
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4260466
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 ; 新疆大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/226949
作者单位	1.新疆大学资源与环境科学学院, 绿洲生态教育部重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830046, 中国; 2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830001, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	贡璐,张海峰,吕光辉,等. 塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 新疆大学,2011,31(14):4136-4143.
APA	贡璐,张海峰,吕光辉,&杜东伟.(2011).塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价.生态学报,31(14),4136-4143.
MLA	贡璐,et al."塔里木河上游典型绿洲不同连作年限棉田土壤质量评价".生态学报 31.14(2011):4136-4143.