干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响

Arid

	放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响
其他题名	Effects of Grazing and Enclosure on Desert Grassland Ecosystem
	郑敬刚 1; 何明珠 2; 苏云 3; 徐建国 3; 李新荣2
来源期刊	河南农业科学
ISSN	1004-3268
出版年	2011
卷号	40 期号:12 页码:80-83
中文摘要	研究了10a短期围封对贺兰山西坡哈拉乌一带短花针茅群落植被组成及土壤水分、养分的影响。结果表明，10a围封使短花针茅群落的植被盖度从围封前的30%增加到80%，旱生灌丛由2种增加到3种，1a生、多年生草本分别从0种和3种增加到2种和5种。围封区的物种丰富度指数(1.46)、多样性指数(2.84)和均匀度指数(0.81)均高于相应对照区(1.02、1.77和0.76)，Jac-card相似性指数仅为0.25，也表明围封区和对照区的物种组成发生了显著改变。与对照区相比，围封区0~20cm土层有机质、总氮含量分别从(1 170360)g/kg、(580140)g/kg增加到(2 890310)g/kg、(880180)g/kg，砂粒含量从(15.02.8)%增加到(20.32.6)%，而粉粒、黏粒含量则由(69.79.6)%、(15.34.2)%下降到(67.06.8)%、(12.73.3)%。在此基础上，提出了放牧干扰下的干旱区荒漠草地生态系统稳定性概念模型，指出放牧引起的草地生态系统的退化过程和围封引起的草地生态系统恢复过程是不可逆过程。最后，提出了季节性封育、合理利用草地资源的干旱区荒漠草场管理对策。
英文摘要	The effects of enclosure on the vegetation composition and soil properties of Stipa brevifloria community were studied in the west slope of Halawu section of the Helan Mountain,China.The results showed that 10-year enclosure increased the vegetation coverage of Stipa brevifloria community from 30% to 80%.The species of xerophyte shrub increased from 2 to 3,and the species of both annual and perennial herbs increased by 2,from 0 and 3 to 2 and 5,respectively.The species richness(1.46),diversity(2.84),and evenness(0.81) under the enclosure condition were significantly higher than those of the control,which were 1.02,1.77 and 0.76,respectively.The Jaccard similarity index was 0.25 between the enclosure and the control,which suggested that the species composition was significantly different.The enclosure resulted in the increase of soilorganic matter,total nitrogen and sand contents at depth of 0-20cm from(1170360)g/kg,(580140)g/kg and(15.02.8)% to(2890310)g/kg,(880180)g/kg and(20.32.6)%,but resulted in the decrease of silt and clay contents from(69.79.6)% and(15.34.2)% to(67.06.8)% and(12.73.3)%.Based on these results,a conceptual model of the desert grassland ecosystem stability under grazing disturbance was developed,which indicated that the degradation process resulting from grazing and the restoration process resulting from enclosure wereirreversible process.Finally,a management method of seasonal enclosure and rational use of grassland resources was proposed.
中文关键词	非平衡态理论 ; 植物多样性 ; 放牧 ; 围封 ; 草地生态系统 ; 土壤质地 ; 贺兰山 ; 草地资源管理对策
英文关键词	Nonequilibrium theory Plant diversity Grazing Enclosure Grassland ecosystem Soil texture Helan Mountain Method of grassland resource management
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4410619
来源机构	中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/226707
作者单位	1.许昌学院城市与环境学院, 许昌, 河南 461000, 中国; 2.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙坡头沙漠试验研究站, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 3.内蒙古贺兰山国家级自然保护区管理局, 巴彦浩特, 内蒙古 750306, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	郑敬刚,何明珠,苏云,等. 放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响[J]. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,2011,40(12):80-83.
APA	郑敬刚,何明珠,苏云,徐建国,&李新荣.(2011).放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响.河南农业科学,40(12),80-83.
MLA	郑敬刚,et al."放牧和围封对干旱区草地生态系统的影响".河南农业科学 40.12(2011):80-83.