干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 筑坝在湿地恢复中的作用----以拉萨市拉鲁湿地为例

Arid

	筑坝在湿地恢复中的作用----以拉萨市拉鲁湿地为例
其他题名	Roles of Dam Building in Wetland Restoration: A Case of the Lalu Wetland in Lhasa City
	摆万奇 1; 土艳丽 2; 李建川 2; 王兆锋 1; 郭光亮 3; 曲扎 3; 张镱锂 1
来源期刊	资源科学
ISSN	1007-7588
出版年	2010
卷号	32 期号:9 页码:1666-1671
中文摘要	对拉鲁湿地筑坝过程及其生态效应的分析表明, 湿地筑坝是一项经济有效、具有普遍意义和推广价值的湿地恢复技术, 其优越性表现在它的简易性和低成本. 筑坝能够迅速扩大湿地水面覆盖, 合理配置水资源, 为湿地功能全面恢复奠定基础. 筑坝后拉鲁湿地水面从偏于西南低洼处, 向较高的东北部扩展. 在新增水面覆盖内, 原有的湿生、中生或旱生植物群落, 在2年左右时间内便被酸模叶蓼(Polygonum lapathifolium)、杉叶藻(Hippuris vulgaris)、水葱(Scirpus tabernaemontani)、芦苇(Phragmites communis)等为主的水生植物取代, 鸟类尤其是水鸟的种类与数量随之增加. 湿地景观明显改善, 湿地生态功能得以充分发挥. 水面覆盖和水生植物增加后, 牲畜的活动空间和可食用牧草数量减少, 放牧压力自然缓解, 促进了湿地保护
英文摘要	The Lalu wetland of Lhasa City in Tibet, covering an area of 6.2 km2 and having an average elevation of 3645 m, represents the highest and largest urban wetland in the world. Since it has become a national wetland reserve in 2005, a large amount of capital has been invested in restoring its ecological vitality. Dam building, the central part of the ecological restoration project in the Lalu wetland, has experienced two stages. At the first stage, the largest and most influential earth dam with 1210 m long, 5 m wide and 1.2 m high used for impoundment was completed in the first half of the year 2007, leading to an increase in water coverage of nearly 5%in dry season and 7%in rainy season, respectively. The authors systematically examined the roles of the dam building in wetland restoration primarily based on examining and comparing ecological changes before and after dam construction. The second stage lasted from the winter of the year 2008 to the spring of the year 2009, in which more earth dams of totally 7547 m long were built. These dams have various sizes ranging in height from 0.9 m to 1.5 m and in width from 3.5 m to 3.7 m accounting for terrains and river flows, connecting each other to jointly partition the east Lalu wetland into diverse units for diversion, irrigation and water storing. The two-stage dam building shown above has made water coverage over the Lalu wetland reach nearly to 90%. Primarily resulting from dam building, great changes have been observed in landscape patterns and ecological functions of the Lalu wetland. Water coverage expanded from low-lying land in the southwest to higher land in the northeast which used to be in desertification. In the increased water area, tropophytes, like Eleocharis soloniensis, Carex rubrobrunnea, Blysmus sinocompressus, Potentilla anserine, Cirsium lanatum, Echinochloa crusgalli, and Cynoglossum zeylanicum have been replaced by hydrophytes, like Polygonum lapathifolium, Hippuris vulgaris, Scirpus tabernaemontani, Phragmites communis within 2 years. In the meanwhile, the numbers and species of birds, particularly water birds, like Fulica atra, Phalacrocorax carbo, Anas platyrhynchos, Trachybaptus ruficollis, Tringa tetanus, also increased accordingly. Additionally, grazing pressures the wetland used to undertake have been relieved naturally due to the increased water area and decreased forage. This is particularly beneficial to Lalu wetland protection. The processes and ecological effects of dam building demonstrate that with advantages of low cost, efficiency and simplicity, dam building seems to be a common and valuable technique for wetland restoration, playing a fundamental role in comprehensive ecological restoration through increasing water coverage and reasonably reallocating water resources
中文关键词	湿地筑坝 ; 湿地恢复 ; 湿地保护 ; 拉鲁湿地
英文关键词	Dam building in wetland Wetland restoration Wetland protection Lalu wetland
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENERGY FUELS
WOS研究方向	Energy & Fuels
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4051281
来源机构	中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/226118
作者单位	1.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101, 中国; 2.西藏自治区高原生物研究所, 拉萨, 西藏 850001, 中国; 3.拉萨市环境保护局, 拉萨, 西藏 850000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	摆万奇,土艳丽,李建川,等. 筑坝在湿地恢复中的作用----以拉萨市拉鲁湿地为例[J]. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,2010,32(9):1666-1671.
APA	摆万奇.,土艳丽.,李建川.,王兆锋.,郭光亮.,...&张镱锂.(2010).筑坝在湿地恢复中的作用----以拉萨市拉鲁湿地为例.资源科学,32(9),1666-1671.
MLA	摆万奇,et al."筑坝在湿地恢复中的作用----以拉萨市拉鲁湿地为例".资源科学 32.9(2010):1666-1671.