干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响----以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例

Arid

	近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响----以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例
其他题名	Effects of land use change on landscape pattern of a typical arid watershed in the recent 50 years:a case study on Manas River Watershed in Xinjiang
	冯异星 1; 罗格平1 ; 周德成 2; 韩其飞 2; 鲁蕾 2; 许文强 2; 朱磊 2; 尹昌应 2; 戴丽 2; 李艳忠 2
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2010
卷号	30 期号:16 页码:4295-4305
中文摘要	土地利用变化与景观格局间的相互作用机制是全球环境变化的研究焦点. 大规模土地开发导致的土地利用变化及其对景观格局影响的定量评估对区域土地资源可持续利用具有重要意义. 评价长时间尺度土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响, 以期为经济发展与生态环境保护政策的制定提供有益信息. 选择的研究区新疆玛纳斯河流域是中国西北干旱区水土开发的典型代表区域. 以1962年地形图, 1976、1989、1999和2008年遥感影像为基础数据源, 利用数学模型和景观格局指数重建土地利用和景观格局变化过程, 并探讨了土地利用变化对流域景观格局的影响. 结果表明:(1)近50a玛纳斯河流域土地利用变化剧烈, 耕地和建设用地"涨势"显著, 未利用地和林地"落势"较明显, 草地和水域先"涨"后"落", 土地利用变化整体处于不平衡态, 单向转换频繁. (2)研究区景观破碎度和多样性增加, 优势度减小, 各景观类型间差异缩小, 异质性程度和景观结构复杂性加大. (3)土地利用变化改变了流域景观格局, 导致景观结构趋于多样化、均匀化和破碎化. 最后, 提出通过发展大规模集约化农业降低土地利用变化引起景观格局负面生态效应的观点
英文摘要	The mechanism of interaction between land use change and landscape pattern have been regarded as the research pivot in the field of global environment change.The quantitative evaluation on land use change as well as the influence of which on landscape pattern caused by land exploitation and reorganization at a large scale is significant to the sustainable utilization of local land resources.The objective of this research is to evaluate the influence of land use change on the landscape pattern of a typical watershed in the arid area at a long time scale, which could provide useful information for making decisions on economical development and environmental protection.The study area in this research, the Manas River Watershed in Xinjiang, belongs to a typical area with dramatic exploitation and use of water and land resources in the arid area of the northwestern of China.Required data consist of topographic maps in 1962 and remote sensing images taken in 1976, 1989, 1999 and 2008.Based on these data, we use mathematical models and index of landscape pattern to rebuild the process of changes in land use and landscape pattern, and analyze the influence of land use change on the landscape pattern.The results show that:(1)the land use in Manas River Watershed changed dramatically in the recent 50 years.Cropland and built-up land obviously increased with the trend and status index of 0.83 and 0.81, respectively. The unused land and woodland presented decreasing trends with the trend and status index of-0.67 and-0.51. However, the grassland and water decreased following an increase, the trend and status index of which is 0.2 and 0.45, respectively.In the study period, the comprehensive trend index is 0.55, and the land use change was overall in unbalanced status dominated by one-way transition.(2)The fragment and diversity of the landscape increased in the study area, and the fragment index increased from 0.210-6 in 1962 to 0.11610-4 in 2008, the diversity increased from 1.2568 in 1962 to 1.4358 in 2008.Both the heterogeneity and the complexity of the landscape experienced an increase during this period.In contrast, the dominance decreased from 0.5350 of 1962 to 0.3559 of 2008.(3)The land use change drives the landscape pattern of the watershed developing towards diversity and fragmental structure.As a conclusion, developing intensive agriculture reduced the negatively ecological effects on landscape pattern evoked by land use changes
中文关键词	土地利用 ; 景观格局 ; 玛纳斯河流域 ; 50a变化 ; 干旱区
英文关键词	land use landscape pattern Manas River Watershed change in 50 years arid area
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3974989
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225524
作者单位	1.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	冯异星,罗格平,周德成,等. 近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响----以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2010,30(16):4295-4305.
APA	冯异星.,罗格平.,周德成.,韩其飞.,鲁蕾.,...&李艳忠.(2010).近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响----以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例.生态学报,30(16),4295-4305.
MLA	冯异星,et al."近50a土地利用变化对干旱区典型流域景观格局的影响----以新疆玛纳斯河流域为例".生态学报 30.16(2010):4295-4305.