干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆干旱区植物藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理

Arid

	新疆干旱区植物藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理
其他题名	Seed heteromorphism and germination mechanism of Chenopodium album in Xinjiang Arid Region
	姚世响; 油天钰; 徐栋生; 李秀明; 王浚桉; 兰海燕
来源期刊	生态学报
ISSN	1000-0933
出版年	2010
卷号	30 期号:11 页码:2909-2918
中文摘要	新疆干旱区分布的植物藜(Chenopodium album)的种子有黑色和褐色两种类型. 对藜的异型性种子从形态结构、不同环境因素及激素或化学物质对萌发的影响以及同工酶谱等方面进行了研究, 并对其萌发及适应异质环境的机理进行了讨论. 结果表明:(1)藜的异型性种子在形态结构、萌发休眠特性等方面都存在明显差异:黑色种子种皮厚且硬, 休眠, 萌发慢, 萌发率低;褐色种子种皮薄而软, 不休眠, 萌发快且萌发率高;(2)黑色种子的休眠可通过切除胚根外缘种皮得以完全解除;(3)赤霉素、乙烯利对黑色种子的萌发无明显促进作用;KNO_3可较显著促进黑色种子的萌发;协同使用乙烯利和KNO_3时, 可显著提高黑种子萌发率, 完全打破休眠;(4)黑色种子和褐色种子的酯酶、过氧化物酶及过氧化氢酶同工酶谱带存在差异;(5)黑色种子的萌发需要光照, 而褐色种子则对光不敏感;低温贮藏对二者的萌发均无显著影响, 尽管黑色种子的萌发率有波动. 研究结果初步显示黑色种子的休眠是内源(胚)和外源(种皮)因素共同所致. 藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理的形成是其对新疆干旱区异质化环境的高度适应
英文摘要	Chenopodium album, which is widely distributed in arid zone of Xinjiang, produces two distinct types of black and brown morphs of seeds on the same plant. An investigation on heteromorphic seeds of C.album was conducted as the following aspects:the morphology and structure of seeds, effects of seed coat treatment, plant growth hormone and different environmental factors on seed germination, analysis of electrophoresis pattern of isozymes in heteromorphic seeds, and finally the relationship between the mechanism of heteromorphic seeds germination and its adaptation strategies in heterogeneous environments were discussed. Results showed:(1)Black seeds, with a thick and hard testa, were dormant and germinated slowly to a low final percentage, while brown seeds, with a thin and soft testa, were non-dormant and germinated quickly to a high final percentage;(2)Dormancy of black seeds could be completely broken by removal of testa around the radicle;(3)GA_3 and ethephon had no significant effect on promoting germination of black seeds;while KNO_3 treatment could cause considerable stimulation in germination of black seeds;further co-treatment with ethephon and KNO_3 could thoroughly break the dormancy of black seeds;(4)The electrophoresis pattern of isozyme, including esterase, peroxidase and catalase, differed each other between two seed types;(5)Compared with brown seeds, germination of black seeds was light-sensitive;dry storage at low temperature had no significant effect on germination of both black and brown seeds, although germination percentage of black seeds fluctuated slightly. Taken together, we concluded preliminarily that dormancy mechanism of black seeds can be attributed to both inner factor(embryo)and outer(seed coat)factor. In all, seed heteromorphism of C.album and its germination mechanism are highly adapted to the harsh and unpredictable environments in arid area of Xinjiang
中文关键词	藜 ; 种子异型性 ; 黑色种子 ; 褐色种子 ; 干旱区 ; 异质化环境 ; 休眠
英文关键词	Chenopodium album seed heteromorphism black seeds brown seeds arid zones heterogeneous environments dormancy
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ECOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3948923
来源机构	新疆大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225510
作者单位	新疆大学生命科学与技术学院, 新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830046, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	姚世响,油天钰,徐栋生,等. 新疆干旱区植物藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理[J]. 新疆大学,2010,30(11):2909-2918.
APA	姚世响,油天钰,徐栋生,李秀明,王浚桉,&兰海燕.(2010).新疆干旱区植物藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理.生态学报,30(11),2909-2918.
MLA	姚世响,et al."新疆干旱区植物藜的种子异型性及其萌发机理".生态学报 30.11(2010):2909-2918.