干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 作物生态位适宜度模型及其在春小麦生长系统中的应用

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	作物生态位适宜度模型及其在春小麦生长系统中的应用
其他题名	Model of niche-fitness of crop species and its application to the growth and yield of spring wheat
	李自珍 1; 李文龙 2; 马智慧 1; 杨雨华 1
来源期刊	兰州大学学报. 自然科学版
ISSN	0455-2059
出版年	2010
卷号	46 期号:2 页码:45-50
中文摘要	以黄土高原半干旱区主要作物春小麦为研究对象,通过扩展经典生态位理论的内涵,定义作物生态位适宜度为作物的现实资源位与其最适生态位之间的贴近度,建立了数学模型,并依据大田试验结果进行了计算与分析.结果表明:补充灌溉、施氮肥和升高CO_2物质的量分数均具有提高适宜度、促进作物生长和增加产量的显著效果,其中:灌溉比无灌溉处理可导致春小麦适宜度(F(t))值平均提高18.5%,最大叶面积指数(LAI)平均增大27.2%,0-120 cm土层的根生物量平均增加19.3%;灌溉下施氮肥比不施肥处理其适宜度值平均提高14.8%,最大LAI值平均增加25.1%,0-120 cm土层的根生物量平均增加15.5%,籽粒产量增加37.6%;灌溉施肥条件下升高CO_2物质的量分数比不升高,适宜度值平均提高12.4%,最大LAI值平均增加11.6%,0-120 cm土层的根生物量平均增加9.8%,籽粒产量增加18.1%;而在无灌溉不施肥条件下其效果不显著.统计分析表明春小麦籽粒产量与适宜度之间呈现正线性相关关系.适宜度评价结果为:灌溉、施氮肥和升高CO_2物质的量分数的三种处理下属适宜,只灌溉或施肥的三种处理属中等,无灌溉不施肥的两种处理下属不适宜.其中:最大适宜度(F(t)=0.6996)和最高籽粒产量(3648 kg/hm~2)在灌溉、施氮肥和升高CO_2物质的量分数(升高74.5xl0~(-6))组合处理下一致达到,表明这是一种半干旱区农田高产高效的综合措施
英文摘要	A model focusing on spring wheat in semi-arid regions of the loess plateau was proposed by exploring the classic niche theory and defining the niche-fitness of crop species as the closeness degree between optimum niche point and actual resource state. Based on a field study, the results show that supplement irrigation, fertilizer application and the elevated CO_2 concentration led to a remarkable increase in nichefitness and yield of crops. The conclusions indicate that the irrigation resulted in the increase of the mean value of niche-fitness(18.5%), the mean value of larger leaf area index (27.2%) and the mean value of root biomass in 0-12 cm (19.3%) compared with non-irrigation. Irrigation plus nitrogenous fertilizer application led to the mean value of F(t), LAI, the root biomass and yield to be increased by 14.8%, 25.1%, 15.5% and 37.6%, respectively. The elevated CO_2 concentration with the irrigation and the nitrogenous fertilizer application resulted in increasing the mean value of F(t), LAI, the root biomass and yield by 12.4%, 11.6%, 9.8% and 18.1%, respectively. The statistic results show that the yield of spring wheat and niche-fitness have a positive linear relationship. The evaluated conclusions are: fitness is highest under irrigation, nitrogenous fertilizer application and elevated CO_2 concentration, fitness is moderate under irrigation only and fitness is low without irrigation and fertilizer application. The largest value of niche-fitness (F(t)=0.699 6) and yield of spring wheat (3468 kg/hm~2) will be reached under the combined treatments of irrigation, nitrogenous fertilizer application and elevated CO_2 concentration(74.5xl0~(-6). Our conclusions show that this is the most efficient management of farmland in semi-arid regions
中文关键词	春小麦 ; 生态位适宜度 ; 补充灌溉 ; 施氮肥 ; CO_2物质的量分数 ; 半干旱区
英文关键词	spring wheat niche-fitness supplement irrigation nitrogenous fertilizer application CO_2 concentration semi-arid region
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES ; HORTICULTURE
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences ; Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3940500
来源机构	兰州大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225351
作者单位	1.兰州大学, 干旱与草地农业生态教育部重点实验室, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国; 2.兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州, 甘肃 730000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李自珍,李文龙,马智慧,等. 作物生态位适宜度模型及其在春小麦生长系统中的应用[J]. 兰州大学,2010,46(2):45-50.
APA	李自珍,李文龙,马智慧,&杨雨华.(2010).作物生态位适宜度模型及其在春小麦生长系统中的应用.兰州大学学报. 自然科学版,46(2),45-50.
MLA	李自珍,et al."作物生态位适宜度模型及其在春小麦生长系统中的应用".兰州大学学报. 自然科学版 46.2(2010):45-50.