干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 渭河流域全新世环境变化与野火活动记录

Arid

	渭河流域全新世环境变化与野火活动记录
其他题名	CHARCOAL RECORDS OF HOLOCENE WILDFIRES AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES IN THE WEIHE RIVER DRAINAGE
	谭志海; 黄春长; 周群英
来源期刊	海洋地质与第四纪地质
ISSN	0256-1492
出版年	2010
卷号	30 期号:1 页码:125-130
中文摘要	渭河流域位于我国半干旱一半湿润季风环境敏感地带,保存其黄土一土壤地层的木炭屑提供了全新世以来的野火历史和气候变化的记录.通过对甘肃合水马家塬(MJY)和陕西扶风蒋阳村(JYC)全新世黄土一土壤剖面的磁化率、TOC、木炭屑研究分析表明:末次冰期1 1500 aBP之前,渭河流域气候干旱,自然野火频繁发生,荒漠草原植被从内蒙古南部扩展到渭河流域;全新世早期(11 500～8 500 aBP)野火发生频率大大降低;全新世适宜期(8 500～3 100 aBP)气候温暖湿润的森林草原或混交森林景观环境下野火发生几率明显下降,但不同地点人类活动引发的火灾存在区域差异.全新世晚期近3 100 a以来,气候向干旱化发展,加之人类土地利用活动加剧,生物量燃烧的规模大范围增加,人为引发火灾比自然发生火灾更为普遍,从而导致土地资源退化,造成渭河流域北部旱作农业衰退和游牧部落的入侵.1 500 aBP以后,野火发生频率大大降低,可能由于渭河流域南部荒地已开垦殆尽,农田人工景观已基本建立,北部半农半牧经济也已确立,不再进行大规模放火烧荒,因而木炭屑浓度大幅度减少.
英文摘要	The Weihe River drainage is situated in semi-arid and sub-humid monsoon-sensitive areas in the north of China. Charcoal preserved in the loess-soil profile provided records of wildfire history and climatic changes during the late Holocene. Total organic carbon, magnetic susceptibility and charcoal analysis of two Holocene loess profiles in the study area have revealed the relationship between Holocene wildfire ac-tivity, human activity and climatic changes. The results show that the climate was arid and local wildfire occurred frequently during the late time of the last glacial period before 11 500 aBP when steppe vegetation expanded from the Inner Mongolian Plateau southerly over the Weihe River drainage. Conversely, wild-fires were reduced during the early Holocene. During the Holocene climatic optimum between 8 500 and 3 100 aBP,natural wildfires were largely reduced. Pathogenic alteration to the accumulated dust processes was so active that forest-grassland formed under the humid-warm climate of the Holocene Megathermal. However, localized wildfires in connection with human activities frequently occurred in different patterns at the study sites. With the drier climate and more intensified historical land-use, human-set fires were more common than the natural fires. Very high levels of biomass burning and deteriorated land-use condi-tions caused a regional desertion by the arable farming communities and the invasion of nomads in the northern part of the Weihe River drainage during the last 3 100 years. After 1 500 aBP, the amount of charcoal sharply decreased and wildfire occurrence slowly disappeared, which may have resulted from to-tally cultivated land for farming and fully established agricultural landscape in the southern part of Weihe River drainage of the Loess Plateau; meanwhile, mixed agriculture of semi-cultivation and semi-animal husbandry was gradually developed in the northern part of the Weihe River drainage.
中文关键词	环境变化 ; 野火 ; 木炭屑 ; 全新世 ; 渭河流域
英文关键词	Holocene environmental changes wildfire charcoal Weihe River drainage
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOLOGY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3849183
来源机构	陕西师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225274
作者单位	陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院, 西安, 陕西 710062, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	谭志海,黄春长,周群英. 渭河流域全新世环境变化与野火活动记录[J]. 陕西师范大学,2010,30(1):125-130.
APA	谭志海,黄春长,&周群英.(2010).渭河流域全新世环境变化与野火活动记录.海洋地质与第四纪地质,30(1),125-130.
MLA	谭志海,et al."渭河流域全新世环境变化与野火活动记录".海洋地质与第四纪地质 30.1(2010):125-130.