干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 基于图层约束的自然灾害风险制图综合初探以西北干旱区为例

Arid

	基于图层约束的自然灾害风险制图综合初探以西北干旱区为例
其他题名	Elementary Study on Natural Disaster Risk Mapping Generalization Based on Drawing-layer ConstraintA Case Study in the Arid Regions in Northwest China
	潘东华 1; 王静爱 1; 王瑛 2; 贾慧聪 1
来源期刊	干旱区研究
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2010
卷号	27 期号:1 页码:13-19
中文摘要	地图自动综合是一项表达客观地理规律的复杂的决策处理过程,也是灾害风险制图,特别是自动制图综合的热点和难点.从灾害系统理论角度出发,运用地理学规律,在GIS等技术支持下,结合传统制图综合的相关理念和技术,探讨基于图层约束的灾害风险制图综合的内涵、方法,并以我国西北干旱区为例,基于人口与绿洲承灾体图层约束,评价区域灾害风险等级.结果表明:自然灾害风险制图综合理论构架可以表征为语义、结构、阈值、空间和视觉学方面的图层约束.西北干旱区基于人口与绿洲承灾体图层约束的风险制图,对于风险识别、风险防范更具明辨性、准确性和区域针对性.
英文摘要	A risk map of natural disasters is an atlas to indicate the intensity of predicted disaster risk which may occur over next several decades in a region, and is the basis of regional risk management. Automatic map generali-zation is a complex decision-making process of expressing objective laws of geography, and also a hot and tough is-sue in disaster risk mapping. Researches on automatic map generalization of natural disaster risk mapping are insuf-ficient at home and abroad, and the expression about the risk map is mostly at the stage of risk assessment. Map generalization for specific regions from the contents and summarization is still relatively weak due to the changes of scales or use of risk maps, and therefore map generalization has an important practical significance for west China where it is sparsely populated with complicated disaster-occurring environment, various natural disasters, and low social and economic development level. In this paper, the connotation and methods of disaster risk map generaliza-tion constrained by drawing layers are studied based on the disaster system theory, related concepts and techniques of traditional map generalization, geographic laws and GIS means. A risk map generalization theoretical framework of natural disasters was developed, which is characterized by the semantic constraints of disaster system, structure constraints of disaster-occurring environment, threshold constraints of disaster-inducing factors, spatial constraints of disaster-affecting bodies and visual constraints of disaster occurring conditions. The natural disasters including earthquake, drought, dust storm, snow disasters, and regional disaster risk grades in arid regions in northwest Chi-na are assessed based on the constrained layers. The results show that the high-risk disaster areas in the study area are mainly distributed in the Hetao Plain in west Inner Mongolia, the Hexi Corridor and peripheral oases of the ba-sins.
中文关键词	制图 ; 图层约束 ; 灾害系统 ; 风险 ; 西北干旱区 ; 中国
英文关键词	generalization layer constrain disaster system risk arid zone of northwest China
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3858774
来源机构	北京师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225041
作者单位	1.北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院, 北京 100875, 中国; 2.民政部/教育部减灾与应急管理研究院, 北京 100875, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	潘东华,王静爱,王瑛,等. 基于图层约束的自然灾害风险制图综合初探以西北干旱区为例[J]. 北京师范大学,2010,27(1):13-19.
APA	潘东华,王静爱,王瑛,&贾慧聪.(2010).基于图层约束的自然灾害风险制图综合初探以西北干旱区为例.干旱区研究,27(1),13-19.
MLA	潘东华,et al."基于图层约束的自然灾害风险制图综合初探以西北干旱区为例".干旱区研究 27.1(2010):13-19.