干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 滴头流量对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分变化的影响

Arid

	滴头流量对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分变化的影响
其他题名	Effects of emitter discharge rate on soil salt dynamics in cotton field under drip irrigation with mulching condition in arid regions
	苏里坦 1; 玉米提 2; 宋郁东 1
来源期刊	干旱区地理
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2010
卷号	33 期号:6 页码:889-895
中文摘要	通过膜下滴灌大田试验研究了3种不同滴头流量处理(I=1.8 L/h、Ⅱ=2.6 L/h、Ⅲ: 3.2 L/h)下滴灌对棉田土壤盐分变化的影响. 结果表明: 滴灌结束后, 空间尺度上土壤盐分的水平和垂直运移距离均随着滴头流量的增加呈现先增加后减小的趋势, 在时间尺度上, 随着时间的推移, 土壤盐分呈现从膜下到膜间的迁移趋势. 在滴水定额为4 500 m~3/hm~2条件下, 在0~40 cm土层内, 3种滴头流量处理下滴灌之后土壤平均含盐量均呈明显的减小趋势, 处理I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ的脱盐率分别为13.5％、40.4％、14.6％, 其中处理Ⅱ的脱盐效果最好, 其次是处理Ⅲ; 而在0~120 cm土层内, 所有处理下的土壤平均含盐量的下降幅度均不明显. 在0~40 cm土层内, 3种滴头流量处理下棉花收获后土壤平均含盐量均呈减小的趋势, 但在0~120 cm土层中, 膜间土壤呈积盐状态, 其中处理Ⅱ的积盐率最小, 为1.9％, 因此采用2.6 L/h的滴头流量为最适宜的滴水强度, 这对于浅层(根层)土壤盐分的淋洗作用明显
英文摘要	Because of the irrigation regime and natural factors, soil salinization has become more and more severe in arid regions. Making an appropriate irrigation regime to leaching soil salinity is a key scientific issue under drip irrigation in the silt loam soil in arid region. A 3-year field experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different drip irrigation regimes on soil salinity distribution and cotton yield at Akesu Agricultural Ecosystem National Research Station, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Based on the field experiment, the effects of three different emitter discharge rates of 1.8 L/h, 2. 6L/h and 3. 2 L/h on soil salt dynamics in cotton field were studied under drip irrigation with mulching condition in arid regions. The results show that the redistribution of soil water determinates the distribution of soil salt. Throughout cotton growing season, the average water content of soil was arising gradually. The peak cure of soil salt under mulch moved downward with the increases of drip irrigation discharge rates, the drip irrigation discharge rates increased from 1.8 L/h to 2. 6 L/h, peak value of soil salt moved downward from 45 cm to 65 cm. On the other hand, the soil salinity had a decreasing trend from emitter distance with the increasing of emitter discharge rate after drip irrigation. The peak cure of soil salt under mulch moved downward with the increases of drip irrigation discharge rates for all treatments except 3. 2 L/h treatments because of the capability of infiltration of porosity of soil less than the drip irrigation discharge rate. The peak cure of soil salt under mulch decreased in the order 2.6 L/h > 1. 8 L/h >3. 2 L/h after irrigation. The soil salinity moved gradually from deep soil to surface soil and moved slowly from under mulch to inter-mulch simultaneously with elapse time. Under the drip irrigation amount of 4 500 m3/hm2, in 0 - 40 cm soil layer, the average soil salinity decreasing evidently under three treatments after irrigation, their desalinization rates were 13. 5%, 40.4% and 14. 6% respectively, the ratio of leached soil salt of treatment II reached maximum value. Contrasting to 0 -40 cm soil layer, the average soil salt contents for all treatments were increasing in 0 - 120 cm soil layer at the end of experiments, the average soil salt content of treatment I, treatment I and treatment III increased 0.02, 0.01 and 0.03, respectively, their salinization rates were 3. 3%, 1.9%, 4. 9%. Average soil salinity of the 0 - 120 cm soil layer had an unevidently decreasing trend simultaneously. Average soil salinity had an increasing trend in 0 - 120 cm soil layer, while that decreasing in 0 - 40 cm soil layer under three treatments after harvesting, through the whole cotton growing season, the accumulation of soil salt of treatments II reached minimum value simultaneously. Treatments II (2. 6L/h) is the best emitter discharge rate to leach for the rhizosphere under the drip irrigation amount of 4 500 m~3/hm~2 in arid regions. Therefore, appropriate drip irrigation discharge rate of 2. 6 L/h is the best drip irrigation regime for leaching soil salinity under drip irrigation in the silt loam soil in arid region
中文关键词	滴头流量 ; 膜下滴灌 ; 棉花 ; 土壤盐分 ; 变化
英文关键词	emitter discharge rate irrigation under mulch cotton soil salinity variation
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURE MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:4103239
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/225030
作者单位	1.中科院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国科学院绿洲生态与荒漠环境重点实验室, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 2.新疆维吾尔自治区水利厅水土保持技术推广中心, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	苏里坦,玉米提,宋郁东. 滴头流量对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分变化的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,2010,33(6):889-895.
APA	苏里坦,玉米提,&宋郁东.(2010).滴头流量对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分变化的影响.干旱区地理,33(6),889-895.
MLA	苏里坦,et al."滴头流量对干旱区膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分变化的影响".干旱区地理 33.6(2010):889-895.