干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): C_3和C_4植物光合途径的适应性变化和进化

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	C_3和C_4植物光合途径的适应性变化和进化
其他题名	A REVIEW OF ADAPTABLE VARIATIONS AND EVOLUTION OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC CARBON ASSIMILATING PATHWAY IN C_3 AND C_4 PLANTS
	龚春梅; 宁蓬勃; 王根轩; 梁宗锁
来源期刊	植物生态学报
ISSN	1005-264X
出版年	2009
卷号	33 期号:1 页码:206-221
中文摘要	高等植物大多为C3植物,C4植物和景天酸代谢(Crassulacean acid metabolism,CAM)植物是由C3植物进化而来的。C4途径的多源进化表明,光合途径由C3途径向C4途径的转变相对简单。该文分析研究了植物光合途径的进化前景,指出C4植物是从C3植物进化而来的高光效种类,且地质时期以来降低的大气CO2浓度和升高的大气温度以及干旱和盐渍化是C4途径进化的外部动力。C3植物的C4途径的发现说明植物的光合途径并非是一成不变的,C3和C4植物的光合特征具有极大的可塑性,某些环境的变化会引起植物光合途径在C3和C4途径之间转变。C3植物具有的C4途径是环境调控的产物,是对逆境的适应性进化结果,因而光合途径的转变也适用于干旱地区植被的适应性生存机理研究。该文还利用国外最新的C4光合进化模型介绍了植物在进化C4途径中所经历的7个重要时期(从分子基础到形态基础、结构基础,再到物质代谢水平、光合酶活水平,直到C3和C4途径协调运转时期,最后达到形态与功能最优化阶段),并结合全球气候变化的特点对国内外相关领域的研究进行了分析,总结了植物光合途径的适应性转变和进化的研究成果,为今后的相关工作提出建议。
英文摘要	Three photosynthetic pathways are used by plants: C3, which most plants use, C4 and cras-sulacean acid metabolism (CAM). C3 is the ancestral pathway, with C4 and CAM representing recently diverged forms. We conclude that the variation and evolution of photosynthetic pathway of C3 and C4 are adaptations to environmental stresses. First, we discuss the evolutional future of photosynthetic pathways. It has been suggested that low atmosphere CO2, enhanced temperatures, drought and salinity are external drivers of C4 photosynthetic evolution. Second, we analyze the possibility of evolution from C3 to C4. The polyphyletic evolution of the C4 pathway suggests that the transition from C3 to C4 was relatively simple. This suggestion is supported by the observation that both C3 and C4 plants possess in-herent plasticity in their photosynthetic characteristics. The stress causing the shift from C3 to C4 was involved in the environmental regulation of plants, and the C4 pathway in C3 plants evolved as an adap-tation. The environmental stresses may have involved plant capacities for survivorship and competition in arid areas. Third, we present a simplistic model of the main phases of C4 photosynthetic evolution and discuss the variation and evolution of C3 and C4 photosynthetic carbon assimilating pathways. Evolution was not directly to C4 photosynthesis, so each step had to be stable, beginning with numerous preconditions needed for an evolutionary lineage to begin evolving C4 characteristics. A current complication of C4 photosynthetic evolution is global climate change and human manipulation of the biosphere. It is possible that C4 photosynthesis can be used to resist adversity and increase the yield of C3 crops. In conclusion, study of the evolution of photosynthetic pathway in plants provided insight intothe photosynthetic physiology of plants under stress and provided new theory to reconstruct vegetation, enhance crop yield, and explain adaptation of C3 species in arid areas.
中文关键词	C3植物 ; C4植物 ; C4途径 ; 干旱 ; 适应性进化
英文关键词	C3 plants C4 plants C4 pathway drought adaptable evolution
类型	Review
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	Plant Sciences
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3490826
来源机构	西北农林科技大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/224449
作者单位	龚春梅, 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 梁宗锁, 西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 宁蓬勃, 西北农林科技大学动物医学院, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国.; 王根轩, 浙江大学生命科学学院农业生态与工程研究所, 杭州, 浙江 310058, 中国.
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	龚春梅,宁蓬勃,王根轩,等. C_3和C_4植物光合途径的适应性变化和进化[J]. 西北农林科技大学,2009,33(1):206-221.
APA	龚春梅,宁蓬勃,王根轩,&梁宗锁.(2009).C_3和C_4植物光合途径的适应性变化和进化.植物生态学报,33(1),206-221.
MLA	龚春梅,et al."C_3和C_4植物光合途径的适应性变化和进化".植物生态学报 33.1(2009):206-221.