干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 南疆一次强沙尘暴前后塔中近地面各气象要素的变化特征

Arid

	南疆一次强沙尘暴前后塔中近地面各气象要素的变化特征
其他题名	Characteristics of Meteorological Elements in the Surface Layer before and after a Severe Sandstorm in the Taklimakan Desert Hinterland, Southern Xinjiang, China
	李祥余 1; 何清 2; 黄少鹏 1; 李帅 3; 吴新萍 4; 薛福民 4; 田宏强 4; 康国胜 5; 郑伟 4
ISSN	1000-0534
出版年	2009
卷号	28 期号:3 页码:652-662
中文摘要	利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中站2006年4月10日一次强沙尘暴前后连续5天地面、土壤中、以及80 m高塔站梯度观测系统的各气象要素资料,详细地分析了该沙尘暴前后不同沙尘天气日各要素的变化特征.结果表明:这次沙尘暴是南疆气温持续回暖、热低压强烈发展、沙尘暴和浮尘天气持续时间长的一次南疆东灌型强沙尘暴过程.温、湿廓线在沙尘暴过境时,因强湍流交换,整个近地层大气基本上处于中性层结,沙尘暴日为降温增湿的过程;沙尘暴日前后大气层结发生了转变,破坏了晴天正常的逆温、逆湿结构.风速廓线在沙尘暴日满足对数律关系,而在沙尘暴日前后的天气里,风速较小,规律性差.沙尘暴过境时0O cm和5 cm地温变化趋势与1.5 m气温相似,过境前1.5 m气温比5 cm地温达到峰值的时间约提前1～2 h,过境后反而又滞后1～2 h.
英文摘要	Utilizing the observed data from the surface station and the 80 m high tower of the Tazhong Meteorological Observatory in the center of the Taklimakan Desert, we analyzed the characteristics of meteorological elements of the near surface layer over a five-day periods before and after a severe sandstorm. The powerful sandstorm started at around the midnight of April 10, 2006, and nearly lasted for over 24 hours. The data show that this sandstorm was a consequence of a rigorous thermal depression, a continuous increase in air temperature, and an eastward cold air mass invasion in the southern Xinjiang. On the storm day, the temperature and humidity profiles of the near surface layer were basically static; the specific humidity was inversely correlated with wind speed. Over the life-span of the sandstorm, temperature decreased and humidity increased across the surface layer. The sandstorm-day atmospheric stratification and the temperature and humidity inversion structures of the surface layer were substantially different from that before and after the storm. The wind velocity increased with the logarithm of altitude on the sandstorm day, but not in the days before or after the storm. The regularity is poor when the wind velocity is low. The ground temperatures at the depths of 0 cm and 5 cm tracked the air temperature 1.5 m above the surface very well during the sandstorm passing time. However, there is a substantial time lag between the 1. 5 m air temperature and 5 cm ground temperature in a non storm day. Before the storm, the arrival time of 1. 5 m air temperature reached the peak value is about 1-2 hours earlier than that of 5 cm ground temperature, but after the storm, it is 1～2 hours later on the contrary.
中文关键词	塔克拉玛十沙漠 ; 沙尘暴 ; 气象要素 ; 廓线 ; 逆温
英文关键词	Taklimakan Desert Sandstorm Meteorological element Profile Inversion temperature
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3762649
来源机构	中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223750
作者单位	1.中国科学院城市环境研究所, 厦门, 福建 361021, 中国; 2.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830002, 中国; 3.中国气象局乌鲁木齐气象卫星地面站, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国; 4.且末县塔中气象站, 且末, 新疆 841000, 中国; 5.焉耆县气象局, 焉耆, 新疆 841100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李祥余,何清,黄少鹏,等. 南疆一次强沙尘暴前后塔中近地面各气象要素的变化特征[J]. 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,2009,28(3):652-662.
APA	李祥余.,何清.,黄少鹏.,李帅.,吴新萍.,...&郑伟.(2009).南疆一次强沙尘暴前后塔中近地面各气象要素的变化特征.,28(3),652-662.
MLA	李祥余,et al."南疆一次强沙尘暴前后塔中近地面各气象要素的变化特征".28.3(2009):652-662.