干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 青海高原气候变化的环境响应

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	青海高原气候变化的环境响应
其他题名	Environmental Response to Climate Change in the Qinghai Plateau
	伏洋 1; 张国胜 2; 李凤霞 1; 汪青春 3; 肖建设 1; 杨琼 4
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2009
卷号	26 期号:2 页码:267-276
中文摘要	通过分析环境演变过程与气候变化的关系,从4个方面揭示全球气候变化的青海高原响应:①近45年来,青海高原表现出土地荒漠化、草地退化、冰川冻土萎缩、湖泊水位下降和河流流量减少等环境退化事实;②在全新世气候适宜期的温暖湿润背景下,高原植被、湖泊、土壤、冰川及冻土的良性响应,表明高原环境的优劣与气候环境变化密切相关;③全新世大暖期以来,青海高原从1 000年尺度看,20世纪正处于干冷期,从100年尺度看,正处于干暖化阶段,100年尺度上的升温则将带来湿润,而10年尺度上的升温多导致干旱;在增暖初期,由于降水变化滞后于温度变化,所以青海高原在经历20世纪80年代末以来大幅增温以后,预计未来降水量增加的可能性很大;④近20余年,高原迅速增温将导致蒸发量增加,可抵消甚至超过降水增加的作用,造成气候干暖化,在达到稳定的暖湿阶段前气温和降水出现大幅度频繁的波动,将带来严重的旱、涝等灾害,20世纪可能就处于稳定暖湿阶段前的剧烈波动与多灾阶段.
英文摘要	Analysis of the relationship between environmental evolution and climate change is necessary to enable prediction of environmental evolution under possible future climate conditions over the Qinghai Plateau.In this study,the latest achievements in evaluating the environmental response to climate change over the Qinghai Plateau are reviewed from four aspects:(1) Ecological environmental degeneration,such as land desertification,steppe degeneration,shrinkage of glaciers and permafrost,decreases in the water level of lakes and reductions in the runoff volume of rivers over the Qinghai Plateau that have occurred over the last 44 years are all the environmental effects of a warming-drying climate;(2) The response of vegetation,lakes,soil,glaciers and permafrost on the plateau to the warm-humid climate in the Holocene Epoch is discussed,and it is revealed that the environmental evolution over the plateau is closely related to climate change;(3) According to the effects of climate change and environmental evolution that have occurred on the Qinghai Plateau since the warming period in the Holocene Epoch,the 20th century was a dry-cold period based on a scale of 1 000 years,but a dry-warm period based on a scale of 100 years.In addition,warming viewed at a scale of 100 years brought about a precipitation increase,but when viewed at a scale of 10 years,warming resulted in drought.Because the change in precipitation lags behind the change in temperature during the early warming period,it is predicted that precipitation over the plateau will increase in the future after the significant warming trend that occurred in the 1980s;(4) The obvious warming that has occurred over the plateau in the last 20 years will also likely lead to an increase in evaporation,which will counteract and perhaps lead to increases in precipitation.Thus,a warming-drying climate change will possibly occur,and both precipitation and temperature will fluctuate significantly and frequently before a stable warm-humid period.Furthermore,serious drought and flood disasters,as well as some negative impacts on the environment may occur,and the 20th century will likely appear as a severe fluctuating and troubled period before a stable warm-humid period.
中文关键词	气候变化 ; 环境响应 ; 青海高原 ; 青藏高原
英文关键词	climate change environment response the Qinghai Plateau
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Environmental Sciences & Ecology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3657529
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223603
作者单位	1.青海省气象科学研究所, 西宁, 青海 810001, 中国; 2.青海省气象局, 西宁, 青海 810001, 中国; 3.青海省气候中心, 西宁, 青海 810001, 中国; 4.青海省安全生产科学技术中心, 西宁, 青海 810000, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	伏洋,张国胜,李凤霞,等. 青海高原气候变化的环境响应[J],2009,26(2):267-276.
APA	伏洋,张国胜,李凤霞,汪青春,肖建设,&杨琼.(2009).青海高原气候变化的环境响应.,26(2),267-276.
MLA	伏洋,et al."青海高原气候变化的环境响应".26.2(2009):267-276.