干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 新疆公路沿线近50多年来湿润指数区域特征及变化趋势

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	新疆公路沿线近50多年来湿润指数区域特征及变化趋势
其他题名	Spatial distribution and trend of moisture index along Xingjiang highway in the recent 50 years
	马淑红 1; 李振山 2; 刘涛 3; 冯立群 3
ISSN	1000-6060
出版年	2009
卷号	32 期号:5 页码:746-753
中文摘要	利用新疆公路沿线103个气象站近50年(1951-2007年)的各月平均气温、月日照百分率、月太阳辐射总量、月降水量总量、月平均风速、月平均水气压与地理参数数据,结合天山以北和天山以南公路沿线3个5层梯度风近10年来(2000-2008年)自动气象站风速资料,应用改进的Penman公式计算了最大潜在蒸发EPT,进而得到地表湿润指数D=R/EPT,以反映新疆公路沿线的水热平衡状况,衡量新疆公路沿线地表干旱、湿润状况.采用等概率原则、气候倾向率、累积距平、曲线平滑的低通滤波等气候统计方法,研究了新疆公路沿线近50年年湿润指数的区域特征及变化趋势,结果表明:新疆天山以北和天山以南公路沿线地表湿润指数呈现增加趋势,其中天山以北公路沿线比天山以南增湿更为明显,天山以北公路沿线增湿率为0.023/10 a～0.030/10 a;天山以南公路沿线为0.003～0.006/10 a.特别是90年代以来,天山以北公路吐乌大、乌奎高等级公路和国道216路段干旱区增湿率达到0.078 20/10 a.主要原因是由于降水量增加,最大潜在蒸散显著减小,使得湿润指数显著增加,它是导致天山以北高速公路高路基出现纵向裂纹和路基下沉病害的主要原因.
英文摘要	In this paper,we the climate data in Xingjiang were dealt with by means of SPSS software,and analyzed by using the reformative Penman formulae(D = R/EPT) to study the spatial distribution and trend of moisture index along Xingjiang highway in the recent 50 years.The data employed included the both the data of air temperature, sunlight rate,sun radiation,precipitation,wind speed,air pressure and landform per month in the late 53 years(1956 -2007) at 103 weather stations along Xingjiang highway,and the data of four factors(air temperature, moisture capacity,wind direction,wind speed) and of grads wind of five layers(0.15,0.5,2.0,4.0,6.0, 10.0 m) in the past 10 years(2000 -2008) along the desert highway around Tian Mountain.The critical value for water thermal equilibrium can objectively reflect the earth’s surface moist situation along the Xinjiang highway. Based on the climate statistical method such as equal - probability principle, climate inclination rate, low filtering of curve smooth wave, the character and change trend of moisture index have studied in recent 50 years along Xinjiang highway.The results show that the critical values for extreme arid area, arid area, semi - arid area, semi - humid area and the humid area are D < 0.03, D = 0.20, D = 0.50, D = 0.80, and D > 0. 80, respectively. Xingjiang highway can be subdivided into five areas, e. g. humid area, semi - humid area, semi - arid area, arid area, and extreme arid area. The moisture index has gone through an aridity - humidity course in recent 50 years along Xinjiang highway. In the national highway 216 section in arid area, relatively arid period exists in the 1960-70s, relatively humid period in the 1970s,and relatively humid after the 1980s. In the national highway 314 section in arid area, relatively arid period appears in the 1950 -60s and the 1980s, and relatively humid period in the 1990s. In the national highway 315 section in extremely arid area exists in relatively arid period in the 1950s.The results from Climate inclination rate showed that the moisture index along Xingjiang highway has an increase trend, of which is more remarkable at the north area than that at the south area of Tianshan. The rate of moisture increasing is 0.023 -0.030/10 a, particularly, in the 1990s up to 0.0782 0/10a -0.097 3/10 a at the north of Tian Mountain in high - grade highway and national highway 216 section, and 0.003 -0.006/10 a at the south area. The main cause of direction crack and roadbed going under disasters appearing on high roadbed of express highway to the north of Tian Mountains is the increase of precipitation, the remarkably decrease evapotranspi-ration of maximal potential, and then the moist exponent is notable increase.
中文关键词	地面干湿状况 ; 湿润指数 ; 新疆公路
英文关键词	Aridity-humidity environment Humidity index Xingjiang highway
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	METEOROLOGY ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3684599
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223573
作者单位	1.北京大学, 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871, 中国; 2.北京大学环境工程系, 水沙科学教育部重点实验室, 北京 100871, 中国; 3.新疆交通科学研究院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830002, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	马淑红,李振山,刘涛,等. 新疆公路沿线近50多年来湿润指数区域特征及变化趋势[J],2009,32(5):746-753.
APA	马淑红,李振山,刘涛,&冯立群.(2009).新疆公路沿线近50多年来湿润指数区域特征及变化趋势.,32(5),746-753.
MLA	马淑红,et al."新疆公路沿线近50多年来湿润指数区域特征及变化趋势".32.5(2009):746-753.