干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响

Arid

	半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响
其他题名	Effects of Ridge and Furrow Planting for Rainfall Harvesting on Photo- synthetic Characteristics and Yield in Corn in Semi-Arid Regions
	任小龙 1; 贾志宽 1; 陈小莉 2; 韩娟 1; 韩清芳 1; 丁瑞霞 1
ISSN	0496-3490
出版年	2008
卷号	34 期号:5 页码:838-845
中文摘要	在中国西北黄土高原半干旱区,沟垄集雨种植（RFPRH）系统被逐步推行,以改善农田水分状况,提高作物水分利用效率（WUE）,达到高产稳产的目的。为了探索该种植方式的适宜降雨量,在人工模拟不同降雨量下,以传统平作为对照,研究了沟垄集雨种植对夏玉米土壤水分含量、功能叶片的光合参数、荧光参数和叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）以及籽粒产量的影响。结果表明,在230mm和340mm降雨量下,集雨处理的净光合速率（P_n）、气孔导度（G_s）、最大荧光（F_m）、可变荧光（F_v）、PSII最大光化学量子产量（F_v/F_m）、PSII的潜在活性（F_v/F_o）和光化学猝灭系数（qP）均较对照显著增加;叶绿素相对含量（SPAD）分别提高17.7%和13.9%,叶片瞬时水分利用效率提高26.9%和10.1%,籽粒产量增加75.4%和36.7%。在440mm降雨量条件下,集雨处理的F_m、F_v/F_m、F_v/F_o、qP和SPAD值在拔节期显著增加,G_s在抽雄期显著增加,P_n在抽雄期和孕穗期显著下降,水分利用效率在全生育期比对照平均低13.2%,其他各生育时期光合生理特性及籽粒产量与对照相比差异不明显。说明沟垄集雨种植在偏旱的年份,可显著提高玉米光合效率和叶片水分利用效率,其全生育期适宜雨量上限可能是440mm。
英文摘要	Ridge and furrow planting of rainfall harvesting （RFPRH） is a cultivation technique by covering ridges with plastic films and planting crops in furrows. RFPRH has been extending in the semi-arid areas of Loess Plateau in Northwest China because it can alleviate drought stress by collecting rainfalls from the ridges and promote water use efficiency （WUE） and crop yield. To investigate the optimal quantity of rainfall in RFPRH system, we studied the effects of RFPRH, taking traditional cultivation as the control, on soil water storage, photosynthetic indexes, fluorescence parameters and chlorophyll relative content （SPAD） in functional leaves, and grain yield of summer corn （Zea mays L.） under three simulated rainfall treatments. The rainfall was given 12 times （at 5-15 d interval） in corn growth duration with the total amount of 230, 340, and 440 mm, respectively. In the RFPRH system, the net photosynthetic rate （P_n）, stomatal conductance （G_s） and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （F_m, F_v, F_v/F_m, F_v/F, and qp） were significantly （P〈0.05） higher than those in control, and the SPAD value increased by 17.7% and 13.9% in 230 and 340 mm rainfall treatments, respectively. Compared to the control, the instantaneous WUE in leaves increased by 26.9% and 10.1%, and the grain yield by 75.4% and 36.7% under 230 and 340 mm rainfall treatments, respectively. The F_m, F_v/F_m, F_v/F_o, qp, and SPAD value at jointing stage and Gs at heading stage increased significantly （P〈0.05）, but P_n decreased sharply at heading and booting stages under 440 mm rainfall treatment in RFPRH system. The WUE of the whole growth duration of RFPRH was lower by 13.2% than that of control. The results indicate that the RFPRH system can promote P~ and leaf WUE of corn in add years, and 440 mm may be the upper limit of rainfall during the whole growth period in the RFPRH system.
中文关键词	模拟降雨 ; 沟垄集雨种植 ; 光合特性 ; 夏玉米
英文关键词	Rainfall simulation Ridge and furrow planting for rainfall harvesting （RFPRH） Photosynthetic characteristics Summer corn
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3296029
来源机构	西北农林科技大学 ; 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223251
作者单位	1.西北农林科技大学干旱半干旱农业研究中心, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.中国科学院水土保持研究所, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	任小龙,贾志宽,陈小莉,等. 半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学, 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,2008,34(5):838-845.
APA	任小龙,贾志宽,陈小莉,韩娟,韩清芳,&丁瑞霞.(2008).半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响.,34(5),838-845.
MLA	任小龙,et al."半干旱区沟垄集雨对玉米光合特性及产量的影响".34.5(2008):838-845.