干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响

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	干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响
其他题名	Effect of Biological Soil Crust on Plant Diversity in Arid Area
	陈荣毅 1; 魏文寿 1; 张元明2 ; 吴楠 2; 张静 2
ISSN	1000-694X
出版年	2008
卷号	28 期号:5 页码:868-873
中文摘要	通过调查古尔班通古特沙漠筑路形成的严重干扰样方与自然状态下轻微干扰样方种子植物多样性的差异，结合人为干扰生物土壤结皮样方的结果，综合生物土壤结皮土壤种子库、结皮上种子萌发、生长以及土壤养分与水分的特征，研究生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响。结果表明：完整结皮与适度干扰后结皮样方内植物多样性指数D分别为0．3296和0．5291，多样性指数H分别为0．8400和1．2957，差异均达到显著水平；严重于扰样方的多样性指数D和多样性指数H均显著低于轻度干扰样方的对应指标。说明对生物土壤结皮适度干扰使其保持在早期发育阶段有利于增加种子植物多样性，而严重干扰使结皮变为流沙阶段会降低种子植物多样性。结皮影响种子植物多样性的机理主要在于发育后期的生物土壤结皮会降低土壤种子库，也会抑制多数种类种子萌发，夏秋季结皮深层土壤水分的减少也不利于深根植物的生存，但结皮土壤拥有相对较高的养分条件却能保证一年生短命植物生长和生存。相对于流沙，生物土壤结皮的存在有益于保持相对较高的植物多样性，这可能归功于生物土壤结皮有利于地表稳定性、以及其在防风蚀和土壤形成等方面重要的生态功能，因而，在采取适度干扰措施以提高植物多样性之前需要慎重考虑可能带来的不利影响。
英文摘要	The plant diversity in severe disturbing plots caused by building road and that in mild disturbing natural plots as well as in human-induced disturbance plots were investigated in the Gurbantonggut Desert. There is an abundant biological soil crust （BSC） on the sand surface of the desert. In the paper, the effect of BSC on vascular plant seed bank, seed germination, plant growth, and soil nutrient and water distribution was firstly discussed, and then the effect of biological crust on plant diversity was studied. The Simpson＇s diversity index in the control （without disturbance） is 0. 3296 and that in the human-induced moderate dis- turbance plots is 0. 5291; the Shannon-Winner diversity index in the control （without disturbance） and that in the human-induced disturbance plots are 0. 8400 and 1. 2957, respectively. The Simpson＇s diversity index and the Shannon-Winner diversity index in moderate disturbance plots of 200 meters away are significantly higher than the two severe disturbance plots near road. The near-road represent serve human-induced dis- turbance plots, and the plot of 200 meters away from the road represents natural mild disturbance. The re- sults show that ＂Moderate＂ disturbance can maintain the BSC at early succession stage, which is beneficial to improve the plant diversity. However, ＂heavy＂ disturbance changed soil into shifting sand, which will decrease the plant diversity. The seed density and diversity decrease with the crust evolving from algal crust to lichen and moss crust, and BSC have a negative effect on the seed germination. Well developed BSC de- creased soil water condition of deep soil, and has a negative impact on the survival of deep-rooted grass and shrubs. However, the BSC has a significant role in contributing to the soil formation and soil nutrient fixa- tion and holding, further to the plant diversity. The BSC also has a profound impact on sand fixation, soil formation and soil fertility development, thus affect the establishment and survival of vascular plants. So all the negative effects should be carefully considered before making artificial disturbance to improve plant di- versity in this region.
中文关键词	古尔班通古特沙漠 ; 生物土壤结皮 ; 植物多样性 ; 干扰
英文关键词	Gurbantonggut Desert biological soil crust plant diversity disturbance
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	PLANT SCIENCES
WOS研究方向	Plant Sciences
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3391590
来源机构	中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 ; 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223169
作者单位	1.中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830000, 中国; 2.中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830011, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈荣毅,魏文寿,张元明,等. 干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响[J]. 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所, 中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,2008,28(5):868-873.
APA	陈荣毅,魏文寿,张元明,吴楠,&张静.(2008).干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响.,28(5),868-873.
MLA	陈荣毅,et al."干旱区生物土壤结皮对种子植物多样性的影响".28.5(2008):868-873.