干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 半干旱区施氮和灌溉条件下覆膜对春玉米产量及氮素平衡的影响

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	半干旱区施氮和灌溉条件下覆膜对春玉米产量及氮素平衡的影响
其他题名	Effect of film mulching on yield and nitrogen balance of spring maize under different nitrogen and irrigation treatments in semi-arid region
	陈小莉 1; 李世清 1; 王瑞军 1; 任小龙 2; 李生秀 2
ISSN	1008-505X
出版年	2008
卷号	14 期号:4 页码:652-658
中文摘要	以典型半干旱区干湿砂质新成土(Ust-Sandic Entisols)为供试土壤进行田间试验,研究地膜覆盖、施氮及补充灌水量对春玉米(Zea maysL.)产量、土壤矿质氮(NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N)及氮素平衡的影响。结果表明,0100 cm土体范围内,随着土层加深,播前和收获后土壤NO_3~--N含量呈降低趋势,NH_4~+-N有所增加,但变幅不大;总矿质氮量(NO_3~--N和NH_4~+-N)表现为下降。说明地膜覆盖和施氮并没有使NO_3~--N深层累积量增加,这可能与土壤本身供氮能力严重不足有关。与不施氮相比,施氮各处理氮肥表观损失量增加;与不覆膜相比,作物氮素累积量比不覆膜显著增加(P<0.05)。在低灌(80 mm)覆膜和高灌(160 mm)覆膜条件下,玉米的氮肥利用率均比不覆膜提高了18.8%,说明覆膜低灌在相同施氮条件下,可节约80 mm灌水。但低灌(80 mm)与高灌(160 mm)不覆膜间氮肥利用率差异不显著,表明在相同施氮条件下,覆膜可有效提高氮肥利用率,减少氮素损失。综合考虑子粒产量和氮肥利用率,"覆膜+补灌80 mm+施氮90 kg/hm2"可能为本试验条件下较优的栽培模式。
英文摘要	A field experiment was carried out on typical Ust-Sandiic Entisols soil in semi-arid area to study the effect of film mulching,nitrogen(N) application and supplementary irrigation on spring maize(Zea mays L.) yield,soil mineral N(NO~-_3-N and NH_4~+-N) and N balance.The result showed that in the 0-100 cm soil profile,with the depth of soil layers increasing,NO~-_3-N content before sowing and after harvest decreased,NH_4~+-N increased slowly,and the total mineral N content declined(NO~-_3-N and NH_4~+-N).It indicated that film mulching and N application did not increase NO~-_3-N accumulation in deep layer.This might be related to the soil’s insufficient N supplying ability.The N apparent losses increased in all the treatments under N application compared to the zero N application treatment.The crop N accumulation significantly increased(P<0.05) compared to the no film mulching treatment.In the 80 mm and 160 mm irrigation with film mulching treatments,the N fertilizer use efficiency of maize increased 18.8% compared with no film mulching.This indicated that under the same N levels,low irrigation(80 mm) with film mulching could save 80 mm water.However,the difference of N fertilizer use efficiency between 80 mm and 160 mm without film mulching was not significant.This indicated that film mulching increased N fertilizer use efficiency and decreased N losses under the same N application condition.In terms of grain yields and N fertilizer use efficiency,the recommended management practice would be "film mulching + supplementary irrigation at 80mm + N application at 90 kg/ha " based on results of this experiment.
中文关键词	地膜覆盖 ; 春玉米 ; 氮肥利用率 ; 土壤矿质氮 ; 氮素平衡
英文关键词	film mulching spring maize nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency soil mineral N nitrogen balance
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY ; HORTICULTURE
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3339849
来源机构	西北农林科技大学 ; 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223051
作者单位	1.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨陵, 陕西 712100, 中国; 2.西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 杨陵, 陕西 712100, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	陈小莉,李世清,王瑞军,等. 半干旱区施氮和灌溉条件下覆膜对春玉米产量及氮素平衡的影响[J]. 西北农林科技大学, 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,2008,14(4):652-658.
APA	陈小莉,李世清,王瑞军,任小龙,&李生秀.(2008).半干旱区施氮和灌溉条件下覆膜对春玉米产量及氮素平衡的影响.,14(4),652-658.
MLA	陈小莉,et al."半干旱区施氮和灌溉条件下覆膜对春玉米产量及氮素平衡的影响".14.4(2008):652-658.