干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 返青期根修剪对冬小麦后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响

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	返青期根修剪对冬小麦后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响
其他题名	EFFECTS OF ROOT PRUNING AT THE REGREENING STAGE ON DROUGHT TOLERANCE AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY OF WINTER WHEAT IN LATE GROWING STAGE
	马守臣 1; 李凤民 2; 徐炳成 2; 黄占斌 3
ISSN	1005-264X
出版年	2008
卷号	32 期号:5 页码:1194-1200
中文摘要	通过盆栽试验研究了返青期根修剪对冬小麦（Triticum aestivum）后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响。在返青期设置了两个根修剪处理：1）小剪根，在植株一侧切去部分侧生根；2）大剪根，在主茎四周切去部分侧生根。不剪根者设为对照（CK）。研究结果显示，两个根修剪处理均显著减少了小麦的根系，但对根冠比没有显著影响。在花期，两个根修剪处理的小麦旗叶的叶绿素荧光参数最大光化学效率（Themaximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ，F_v／F_m）、PSⅡ潜在活性（PSⅡ potential activity，F_v／F_o）、实际光化学量子产量（Effective PSⅡ quantum yield，PSⅡ）、表观光合电子传递速率（Apparent rate of photosyntheti celectron transport，ETR）、光化学淬灭系数（Coefficient of photochemical quenching，qp）和非光化学淬灭系数（Coefficient of non-photochemical quenching，NPQ）值，在停止供水7d后，均显著高于对照，这表明根修剪小麦的耐旱性强于对照，因此在干旱胁迫下有较高的光化学活性。小剪根处理在高水条件下对小麦产量无显著影响，而在中度干旱条件下显著提高了小麦的产量，因此，小剪根处理显著提高了小麦的抗旱系数；小剪根处理在高水分处理（土壤水分含量为田间持水量的85％）和中度干旱胁迫处理（土壤水分含量为田间持水量的55％）条件下，均显著提高了小麦的水分利用效率。但大剪根处理由于严重影响了群体数量和产量，水分利用效率和抗旱系数均没有提高。可见，适当地减少根系有助于小麦的耐旱性和水分利用效率的提高。
英文摘要	Aims Water use efficiency （WUE） and drought tolerance of crops are important in arid and semiarid areas. Our objective was to investigate the effects of root pruning at the regreening stage on drought tolerance and WUE of winter wheat （Triticum aestivum） in late growing stage.Methods We manipulated root size by root pruning regreening plants grown in pots. In a light root pruning treatment, we partially cut off the secondary lateral roots along one side of the plant. In a heavy root pruning treatment, we partially cut off the secondary lateral roots along four sides of the plant. Control plants （CK） were left intact. Important findings Both the root pruning treatments reduced the root system significantly, but their root/shoot ratio remained similar. The values of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, i.e., the maximum photochemical efficiency of PS Ⅱ （F_v/F_m）, PS Ⅱ potential activity （F_v/F_o）, effective PS Ⅱ quantum yield （ФPSⅡ）, apparent rate of photosynthetic electron transport （ETR）, coefficient of photochemical quenching （qp） and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, were significantly higher in both treatments than the control ＆ days after withholding water at anthesis. This means that root pruning improved drought tolerance of wheat, resulting in improved photosynthetic capability. Light root pruning had no significant effects on grain yield under wet condition, but improved yield under moderate drought stress. Therefore, light root pruning wheat produced a higher index of drought resistance compared with the control. Light root pruning improved WUE of wheat under two water conditions. Heavy root pruning did not improve WUE or the index of drought resistance due to a reduced shoot density and grain yield. The study showed that reducing root size moderately through breeding or agricultural measures would be beneficial to improving drought tolerance and WUE in winter wheat.
中文关键词	冬小麦 ; 根修剪 ; 耐旱性 ; 水分利用效率
英文关键词	winter wheat root pruning drought tolerance water use efficiency
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	AGRONOMY
WOS研究方向	Agriculture
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3393394
来源机构	中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/223041
作者单位	1.河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院, 焦作, 河南 454000, 中国; 2.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌, 陕西 712100, 中国; 3.(北京)中国矿业大学环境与化学工程学院, 北京 100083, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	马守臣,李凤民,徐炳成,等. 返青期根修剪对冬小麦后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响[J]. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,2008,32(5):1194-1200.
APA	马守臣,李凤民,徐炳成,&黄占斌.(2008).返青期根修剪对冬小麦后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响.,32(5),1194-1200.
MLA	马守臣,et al."返青期根修剪对冬小麦后期耐旱性及水分利用效率的影响".32.5(2008):1194-1200.