干旱区生态环境知识资源中心(Arid): 最近10年来新疆风沙地貌研究进展

Arid

	最近10年来新疆风沙地貌研究进展
其他题名	Progress in Aeolian Geomorphology Study in Xinjiang since Recent 10 Years
	李志忠; 武胜利; 李万娟; 刘金伟; 马荣; 陈俊宇
ISSN	1001-4675
出版年	2008
卷号	25 期号:2 页码:295-303
中文摘要	最新研究表明，塔克拉玛干沙漠风沙活动与气温变化呈现风热同步现象，虽然其风况类型多样，但整个沙漠处于低风能环境。不同沙丘部位上风沙流输沙量的对数与高度之间表现为线性关系。当气流与沙丘走向斜交时，两侧相同部位输沙率的差异不大，这是线形沙丘保持其动力形态平衡的主要原因之一。古尔班通古特沙漠也处于复合型低能风环境之中，冬季积雪和冻土对沙漠地表形成有利的保护，有效植被覆盖和生物结皮是沙面整体处于稳定状态的重要因素，风沙活动仅存在于沙垄顶部和两坡上部。沙漠中生物结皮发育、种类丰富，其类型和分布具有明显的景观异质性特征。天山北坡和昆仑山北坡的黄土研究揭示，新疆两大沙漠从中更新世以来出现明显的干旱化，沙漠逐步扩大至今天规模。此外，塔里木沙漠公路和古尔班通古特沙漠输水明渠沿线的风沙危害具有明显的时空分异特点。因此，根据工程设施所处地形与地貌部位，可定性判断风沙危害类型与强度，进而确定防治方案和措施。今后新疆风沙地貌学研究应注重研究领域的拓展、研究方法的突破和实验手段的创新3个方面。
英文摘要	The progress of aeolian geomorphology study in Xinjiang reveals that air temperature increase and blown sand occur simultaneously in the Taklimakan Desert. Although there are some different wind types, the whole desert is in a low wind-energy environment. There is a linear correlation between the logarithm of sediment dis- charge at different parts of dunes and the dune height. When airflow crosses obliquely with a linear dune, the difference of sediment discharge between two sides of the dune is not so significant, which is one of the main rea- sons maintaining the balance between wind power and dune shape. The Gurbantonggut Desert is also in a low wind- energy environment, the dune surface is protectively covered by seasonal snow cover and frozen earth in winter, the vegetation and the biotic crust are the important factors maintaining the dune surface stable, and aeolian sand movement occurs at dune tops and upper part of dune slopes only. There is obvious landscape heterogeneity of the well developed biotic crust with many types. The study results of loess on the northern piedmonts of the Tianshan and Kunlun mountains reveal that the two large deserts in Xinjiang has been in obvious drought since the mid-Pleisto- cene, since then their areas have been gradually enlarged to the current extent. In addition, there is an obvious spatiotemporal differentiation of aeolian sand disasters along the Tarim Desert Highway and the water-conveying ca- nal passing through the Gurbantonggut Desert. Therefore, the types and intensity of aeolian sand disasters can be qualitatively judged according to landforms and the geomorphologic features along these projects, thus the feasible programs and measures of controlling aeolian san disasters can be taken. For the future, the expansion of research domain, improvement of the research means and innovation of experimental technology about aeolian geomorphology in Xinjiang should be paid great attention to.
中文关键词	风沙环境 ; 沙丘动力学 ; 沙漠演变 ; 生物结皮 ; 工程沙害 ; 新疆
英文关键词	aeolian sand environment dune dynamics desert evolution biotic crust aeolian sand disaster con-trol Xinjiang.
语种	中文
国家	中国
收录类别	CSCD
WOS类目	GEOSCIENCES MULTIDISCIPLINARY
WOS研究方向	Geology
CSCD记录号	CSCD:3221669
来源机构	新疆师范大学
资源类型	期刊论文
条目标识符	http://119.78.100.177/qdio/handle/2XILL650/222319
作者单位	新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院, 乌鲁木齐, 新疆 830054, 中国
推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714	李志忠,武胜利,李万娟,等. 最近10年来新疆风沙地貌研究进展[J]. 新疆师范大学,2008,25(2):295-303.
APA	李志忠,武胜利,李万娟,刘金伟,马荣,&陈俊宇.(2008).最近10年来新疆风沙地貌研究进展.,25(2),295-303.
MLA	李志忠,et al."最近10年来新疆风沙地貌研究进展".25.2(2008):295-303.